2009—2013年北京市海淀区京籍麻疹病例流行病学分析  

Epidemiological analysis of local measles cases in Haidian District of Beijing City from 2009-2013

作　　者：富继业[1] 马天薇[1] 王菊光[1] 史如晶[1] 赵艳红[1] 徐若辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市海淀区疾病预防控制中心,100094

出　　处：《职业与健康》2015年第6期767-770,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的分析北京市海淀区2009—2013年北京户籍（京籍）麻疹病例的流行病学特征,为防控和消除麻疹提供参考。方法对2009—2013年北京市海淀区京籍麻疹病例发病情况进行描述流行病学分析。结果 2009—2013年海淀区共报告麻疹病例587例,报告发病率波动在0.3/10万-13.2/10万之间,其中京籍麻疹179例,5年间京籍麻疹发病率波动在0.1/10万~4.5/10万之间,2011年发病率最低（0.1/10万）。京籍麻疹病例中,137例（76.5%）在2-6月发病;〈8月龄和15~44岁病例占全部病例的67.1%;有含麻疹成分疫苗（MCV）免疫史的占28.5%,无免疫史的占34.1%,免疫史不详的37.4%;临床诊断73例,实验室诊断106例,送检的8份麻疹病毒分离阳性标本中,H1基因型6例,D8基因型2例。结论海淀区2009—2012年麻疹发病率大幅下降,2013年又回升,京籍麻疹发病也有同样的趋势。该区应提高8月龄儿童首剂MCV及时接种率;加强重点区域和职业人群成人MCV的接种工作,减少免疫空白;加强麻疹病毒基因型别监测,及时发现麻疹病毒毒株的变化。[Objectlve]To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of local measles cases in Haidian district of Beijing City during 2009-2013, and provide evidence for measles control and elimination. [Methods]A descriptive epidemiology study was conducted to analyze local measles reported in Haidian district of Beijing City during 2009-2013.[Results]During 2009-2013,587 measles cases were reported, with the incidence fluctuated from 0.3/100 000-13.2/100 000, 179 were local cases. The incidence rate among local residents fluctuated from 0.1/100 000-4.5/100 000 in 5 years, with the minimum in 2011 （0.1/100 000）. Of all local cases, 137 （76.5%） appeared in February-June, patients aged 8 month and 15-44 years occupied 67.1%, 28.5% were vaccinated measles-containing vaccine （MCV）, 34.1% were unvaccinated and 37.4% had an unknown vaccination status. There were 73 clinical cases and 106 laboratory-confirmed cases. From 8 measles-virus-positive samples, 6 were identified of genotypes H1 and 2 were D8.[Conclusion]Despite decreased during 2009-2012, measles morbidity increased again in 2013, not only in all population but also in locals. It is necessary to achieve MCV coverage by administrating the first dose MCV in time for children aged 8 months, to administrate MCV for adult for objective population to reduce immune blank, and to strengthen measles-virus genotype identification to timely detect changes in virus strains.

关 键 词：麻疹 流行病学特征 含麻疹疫苗 

分 类 号：R181.81[医药卫生—流行病学]