2004—2013年兴宁市狂犬病流行病学分析  

Epidemiological analysis of rabies in Xingning City from 2004-2013

作　　者：何宇兰 温万敏 

机构地区：[1]广东省兴宁市疾病预防控制中心,514500

出　　处：《职业与健康》2015年第6期824-825,828,共3页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的通过探讨兴宁市狂犬病流行病学特征及流行因素,为制定下一步的防制措施提供科学依据。方法收集整理2004—2013年传染病疫情资料、狂犬病病例的个案资料和狂犬病疫点处理资料,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果兴宁市2004—2013年共报告狂犬病32例,发病率以2004年最高,达1.32/10万。病例分布在12个乡镇和3个街道办。男性多于女性,男女性别比为2.2∶1。发病年龄以>50岁为主,占59.4%;职业分布以农民为主,占75.0%。4—10月发病较多,占总病例数的78.1%。犬为主要致病动物,占96.9%。动物咬伤后无免疫史的占75.0%,伤口无处理的占78.1%。结论加强犬类管理,加大宣传教育力度,提高狂犬疫苗农村医疗合作报销额度或将狂犬病免疫球蛋白接种费用纳入报销范围,提高暴露后人群的免疫率,是目前我市亟需采取的预防控制措施。[Objective] To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of rabies in Xingning City, and provide scientific evidence for developing the prevention and control measures. [Methods] The data of human rabies, including cases data and epidemic control information in Xingning City from 2012-2013 were collected and analyzed by the descriptive epidemiology method. [Results] A total of 32 rabies cases were found from 2004-2013 in Xingning City, the incidence rate was highest in 2014 （1.32/100 0000）. The cases distributed in 12 towns and 3 subdistricts, the ratio of male incidence to female incidence was 2.2：1, 59.4% of cases were above 50 years old; 75.0% were farmers; 78.1% appeared from April-October; the dogs were the main pathogenic animals （96.9%）; 75.0% of cases did not receive immunization,78.1% did not handle the wound. [ Conclusion] The important control measures should be taken in this city are To strengthen dog management, to enhance health education, to increase rural medical reimbursement of rabies vaccine or to include rabies immunoglobulin vaccination costs into reimbursement, and to improve immunization rates after exposure.

关 键 词：狂犬病 流行特征 

分 类 号：R181.81[医药卫生—流行病学]