3,4-二氨基呋咱及其高能量密度衍生物合成研究进展  

Progress of synthesis of 3,4-diaminofurazan and high energy density derivatives

作　　者：柳沛宏 曹端林[1] 王建龙[1] 冯璐璐[1] 张楠[1] 秦宗扬 

机构地区：[1]中北大学化工与环境学院,山西太原030051

出　　处：《化工进展》2015年第5期1357-1364,共8页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

摘　　要：呋咱类化合物因能量密度高、综合性能好、可作为炸药和推进剂等广泛应用于军事领域。3,4-二氨基呋咱(DAF)作为重要的前体化合物,其大规模合成为呋咱类高能量密度衍生物的应用奠定了基础。本文首先介绍了DAF的合成工艺及其氧化机理,并综述了以其为中间体得到的氧化物、大环、长链和稠环化合物的国内外合成方法及性能,表明呋咱类化合物爆轰性能优良,具有潜在应用前景;但是,不少硝基取代或多呋咱环衍生物存在安定性差、感度高的缺点。据此,提出设计合成新型钝感高能呋咱衍生物是解决上述不足的有效方法;DAF的合成工艺研究及增大呋咱类化合物开发力度是未来的发展重点。Furazan energetic compounds are widely used as explosives or propellants in the military field because of their high energy density and good comprehensive properties. The large-scale synthesis of 3,4-diaminofurazan （DAF） as an important precursor compound lays a foundation for the application of furazan high energy density derivatives. In this paper, synthesis process and oxidation mechanism of DAF are introduced. Based on DAF as an intermediate, synthesis methods and properties of oxide and large ring, long chain, fused ring compounds are reviewed, which indicates that the detonation properties of furazan compounds are good and have potential application prospects. However, many nitro substituted or more furazan ring derivatives have disadvantages of poor stability and high sensitivity. According to this, the design of synthesizing new insensitive energetic furazan derivatives is considered as the effective strategy. Research on DAF synthesis process and strengthening development of furazan compounds are focuses of the future.

关 键 词：呋咱化合物 高能量密度化合物 合成工艺 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O62[理学—有机化学]