厌氧氨氧化工艺的应用进展  

Advances in applications of Anammox process

作　　者：张正哲[1,2] 金仁村[1,2] 程雅菲[1] 周煜璜 布阿依.谢姆古丽 

机构地区：[1]杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院,浙江杭州310036 [2]杭州师范大学生态系统保护与恢复杭州市重点实验室,浙江杭州310036

出　　处：《化工进展》2015年第5期1444-1452,1458,共10页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51078121;51278162);杭州市科技计划项目(20091133B06);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201410346017)

摘　　要：厌氧氨氧化(anaerobic ammonium oxidation,Anammox)工艺因其高效低耗的优势,在废水生物脱氮领域具有广阔的应用前景。该工艺在实际废水处理中的应用已成为国内外的热点。本文结合厌氧氨氧化菌的生境和菌种多样性,以及厌氧氨氧化工艺形式的多样性,并对一体式和分体式工艺运行条件进行了比较,重点综述了厌氧氨氧化技术在处理各类废水中的实验室研究和工程应用情况,主要包括:污泥消化液和压滤液、垃圾渗滤液、养殖废水、味精废水、焦化废水、生活污水、粪便污水、含盐废水等废水的水质特点、研究进展和应用障碍。最后,总结厌氧氨氧化工艺在处理实际废水过程中的潜在问题,并提出今后的研究重点是深入研究厌氧氨氧化的水质障碍因子及其调控策略,并在此基础上大力开发和优化组合工艺。Anaerobic ammonium oxidation （Anammox） has advantages of high efficiency and low consumption. This method has become a promising biological nitrogen elimination process. This paper compared the operation conditions of one- and two-stage Anammox processes, analyzed the habitat and species diversity of anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria and process versatility of Anammox, and summarized the laboratory research and engineering applications of Anammox in the treatment of various types of ammonium-rich wastewater. The characteristics, research progress and application barriers of sludge digestate, reject water, landfill leachate, livestock wastewater, municipal sewage, saline wastewater etc were introduced. Moreover, the potential problems of Anammox process in practical applications were discussed and further research focuses were suggested.

关 键 词：厌氧氨氧化 组合工艺 实际废水 生物脱氮 工程应用 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]