基于B超图像的水下模型地形提取方法  

An Extracting Method of Underwater Model Topography Based on B-mode Ultrasound Images

作　　者：宋欢[1] 王川婴[2] 邹先坚[1] 赵小红[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学电子信息学院,湖北武汉430072 [2]中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所岩土力学与工程国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430071

出　　处：《应用基础与工程科学学报》2015年第2期225-232,共8页Journal of Basic Science and Engineering

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2014212020205);长江水利委员会长江科学院2013年开放基金资助项目(CKWV2013204/KY)

摘　　要：针对B超仪对浑水中模型地形的成像特性,提出了一种自适应水下地形的快速跟踪提取方法.该方法利用图像中像素点间的梯度与灰度之和的最大值来判别地形边界线上的点,再结合背景特征及地形在水平方向的连续性来快速跟踪地形亮带,进而一次性实现了单像素宽的地形边界线提取.结果表明该方法提取水下地形的误差在2个像素宽以内,实际精度±1mm.该方法能够有效回避B超图像中噪声和伪像的干扰,适用于塑料沙、天然沙、煤粉灰、电木粉等模型地形,具有自适应性强,提取速度快,地形分辨率高的特点,为水下模型地形的动态分析与三维重建提供了一种新的有效途径,并已运用到实际工程中.Facing with ultrasonic imaging features of underwater model topography in the sediment- water mixture by using B-mode ultrasound device, a fast method of self-adapted extraction is presented for underwater topography.This method uses the maximal sum of pixels＇gradient and grayscale in the image to distinguish po the imaging band based on background ints in the topographic boundary line, and quickly track features direction.Then the extraction of one pixel wide and continuity of topography in the horizontal topographic line is realized once. Results show the precision of extracted topography is less than 2 pixels＇wide or ~ lmm. This method can effectively avoid interference from noises and artifacts in the B-mode ultrasound image. It is suitable for the extraction of topography made up of plastic sands, natural sands, pulverized coals and wood powders. It shows advantages of good self-adaption, fast speed and high resolution.This method provides a novel and effective method for the dynamic analysis and 3D reconstruction of underwater model topography and has been applied to practical engineering.

关 键 词：B超图像 水下地形 自动跟踪 梯度 自适应 

分 类 号：TV131.61[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]