西双版纳哈尼族住屋空间模式溯源  

A historical study of the spatial patterns of the Hani houses in Xishuangbanna

作　　者：唐黎洲[1] 杨大禹[1] 

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学建筑与城市规划学院,云南昆明650093

出　　处：《云南民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2015年第3期55-59,共5页Journal of Yunnan Minzu University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目"基于谱系学历史研究法的干栏式建筑研究"(项目编号:51308267);国家自然科学基金地区项目"历史文化村镇遗产及其文化生态保护的研究与示范"(项目编号:51268019);国家自然科学基金地区项目"循环经济建设下民族传统村落景观转型与保护对策研究"(项目编号:51068009)阶段成果

摘　　要：西双版纳哈尼族传统住屋,虽然在很大程度上呈现"傣化"现象,但仍然有显著区别于傣族民居的特征,即整个民居的主体空间是一种二元对称结构,有两个火塘,两把楼梯分置两侧,男女分室而居,所反映的是一种较为古老的居住形态;并且在住屋组群布置上是一种"子母房"的方式。对西双版纳哈尼族住屋空间原型特征及其源流演化关系的研究表明,男女分室是原始母权力量的一种表现形式,而子母房配置的大房子组群则是一种异化了的邛笼系住屋模式。通过对这一个案的研究,使我们认识到西南众多山地少数民族民居所呈现出的多元复合特征,其往往是一种同源异流或同流异源的复杂关系。The traditional houses of the Hani people in Xishuangbanna look quite like the houses of the Dai people,but there still exist some obvious differences that find expression in the following aspects： the main space of the whole Hani house is a symmetrically dual structure,in which there are two fire -pits, two staircases on two sides,and separate rooms for men and women. All of these show us all old living style. The main rooms plus smaller rooms are characteristic of such houses. A historical and archetypal study of the spatial pat- terns of the Hani houses in Xishuangbanna reveals that the separate rooms for men and women are the footprints of the primitive matriar- chal power, while the style of the main rooms plus smaller rooms is a derivative of the blockhouses. This study concludes that the houses of many mountain minority groups in southwest China show the features of cultural pluralism as well as the complicated relations of the same origin with different orientations in development or vice versa.

关 键 词：哈尼族 住屋空间模式 干栏建筑 

分 类 号：TU-05[建筑科学—建筑理论]