基于金星探测机械展开式进入飞行器技术述评  

Review of Venus Explorer Mission Using Mechanically-deployed Entry Decelerator

作　　者：李旭东[1] 张鹏[2] 尚明友[2] 张红英[1] 童明波[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学飞行器先进设计技术国防重点学科实验室,南京210016 [2]中国空间技术研究院载人航天总体部,北京100094

出　　处：《航天返回与遥感》2015年第2期1-8,共8页Spacecraft Recovery & Remote Sensing

基　　金：航空科学基金(2012ZC52035)

摘　　要：传统的金星进入飞行器存在弹道系数高、热流密度高、过载大等缺点,对热防护系统和设备的要求比较严苛。针对金星探测的任务需求,美国提出了一种基于机械展开式结构的金星进入飞行器,该飞行器发射时处于折叠状态,进入时展开形成较大的气动面,可以显著地降低弹道系数、热流密度、过载等。文章介绍了该飞行器的结构组成和展开过程,对机械展开式进入飞行器的研究现状进行了介绍,重点对比了机械展开式进入飞行器与传统形式的不同,通过对构型、工作流程、效果的对比,可以看出机械展开式进入飞行器在金星探测上具有很大的优越性,最后对其优势进行了总结,并提出了未来需要研究的问题。AbstractThe traditional Venus atmospheric entry vehicles are subject to very high ballistic coefficient, heat flux and extreme decelerations, with require high standard for thermal protection system （TPS） and equipment. For Venus detection, a Mechanically-deployed entry decelerator is proposed by NASA, which keeps a stowed configuration during launch and deployed before entry. Deployable aeroshells achieve lower ballistic coefficients, heat flux and lower decelerations. The present paper describes the structures and mechanisms design concepts of the vehicle; and introduces the present research situation and key technologies of it. This vehicle has obvious advantages than those of the traditional one and is quite different from the later. Finally, some problems need to be studied and relevant suggestions are put forward in the paper.

关 键 词：机械展开进入飞行器热防护 金星探测 述评 

分 类 号：V423.6[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]