不同播栽方式对水稻根系生长及产量形成的影响  

Influence of planting modes on root growth and yield of Oryza sativa L.

作　　者：刘红江[1] 蒋银涛 陈留根[1] 郑建初[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,江苏南京210014 [2]江苏明天种业科技有限公司,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2015年第2期310-316,共7页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201103001);江苏省农业科技自主创新基金项目[CX(12)3003]

摘　　要：为了揭示不同播栽方式对水稻根系生长动态的影响,以及水稻根系生长与产量形成之间的关系。以武运粳24号为供试材料,设置直播稻Ⅰ(2013年6月1日播种)、直播稻Ⅱ(2013年6月17日播种)、手栽秧、机插秧4个处理,对水稻根系性状及其与产量的关系进行研究。结果显示:机插秧的水稻产量最高,手栽秧其次,直播稻最低。不定根数、不定根总长度、根体积和根干质量水稻生育前期直播稻较大,生育中、后期手栽秧和机插秧的较大。水稻生育中、后期手栽秧和机插秧的水稻单茎根数和单茎总根长均显著高于直播稻。抽穗期和穗后20 d的水稻不定根数、不定根总长度、根体积、根干质量、单茎根数和单茎总根长与产量均呈正相关关系,说明生育中、后期水稻根量增加有利于水稻高产,手栽秧和机插秧更符合高产水稻根系生长特点。To investigate the effect of different planting modes on rice root growth dynamics, and the correlation be- tween root growth and yield formation of rice, a japonica rice cuhivar Wuyunjing 24 was studied under four planting modes, which were two direct seedings at June 1 and June 17 in 2013, respectively, and manual transplanting and mechanical transplanting in Taihu lake area. The grain yield followed the order of mechanical transplanting〉 manual transplanting〉 di- rect seeding. Among four planting modes, direct seeding increased total root number, total root length, total root volume and total root weight at early stage which under manual transplanting and mechanical transplanting were higher at middle and late stages. Manual transplanting and mechanical transplanting significantly boosted root number per stem and root length per stem at middle and late stages. There were positive correlations between grain yield and total root number, total root length, total root volume, total root weight, root number per stem and root length per stem at heading stage and 20 d after heading. It indicated that the increment of total root quantity at middle and late stages were propitious to achieve higher grain yield. Therefore, manual transplanting and mechanical transplanting were favorable rice high yield.

关 键 词：不同播栽方式 水稻 根系 生长动态 产量 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]