高效异养硝化细菌的分离筛选及多样性分析  

Isolation and Diversity Analyses of High-efficient Heterotrophic Nitrifying Bacterial Strains

作　　者：胡甜[1] 江林峰 陈青云[1] 余知和[1] 毛涛[2] 李利[1] 

机构地区：[1]长江大学生命科学学院/荆楚特色食品研发中心,湖北荆州434025 [2]中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所,武汉430223

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2015年第5期1181-1185,共5页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖北省科技支撑计划项目(2013BCB009);湖北省高校青年教师深入企业行动计划项目(XD2014068);湿地生态与农业利用教育部工程研究中心开放基金项目

摘　　要：采用生长曲线指导的富集培养法,从生活污水排放渠中分离筛选出高效异养硝化细菌,并对其多样性进行了分析。结果显示,从分离得到的27株异养硝化细菌中筛选出6株高效菌株Ni1-2、Ni1-8、Ni2-5、Ni2-7、Ni3-1和Ni3-4,其48 h氨氮去除率分别为88.9%、76.6%、87.7%、93.1%、99.2%和91.4%;结合菌落形态、革兰氏染色反应、扫描电镜观察和16S r DNA序列分析,发现菌株的种类较为丰富,初步确定Ni1-2和Ni1-8为节杆菌属(Arthrobacter),Ni2-5和Ni3-1为产碱杆菌属(Alcaligenes),Ni2-7为无色杆菌属(Achromobacter),Ni3-4为芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)。该结果可为高效异养硝化菌的分离筛选及其多样性分析提供参考。High-efficient heterotrophic nitrifying bacterial strains were isolated from sewage ditches after enrichment and culti- vation guided by growth curves. The diversity of these bacterial strains was analyzed. Six strains named as Nil-2, Nil-8, Ni2-5, Ni2-7, Ni3-1 and Ni3-g were screened from 27 isolates for their high-efficient heterotrophic nitrification. The NH^4＋- N removal ratio of the six strains within 48 h reached 88.9%, 76.6%, 87.7%, 93.1%, 99.2% and 91.4%, respectively. Based on colony morphology observation, Gram stain, scanning electron microscope observation and homology analysis of 16S rDNA sequence, the six strains had diversity. Nil-2 and Ni1-8 were identified as Arthrobacter. Ni2-5 and Ni3-1 were identified as Alcaligenes. Ni2-7 was identified as Achromobacter and Ni3-4 was identified as Bacillus. It will provide technical support for screening high-efficient heterotrophic nitrifying bacterial strains and studing their biodiversity.

关 键 词：异养硝化 节杆菌属(Arthrobacter) 产碱杆菌属(Alcaligenes) 无色杆菌属(Achromobacter) 芽孢 杆菌属(Bacillus) 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]