关键间隙对泵性能影响的研究  

Influence of key clearance on pump performance

作　　者：刘占一[1] 张魏静[1] 杨建文[1] 石晓波[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安航天动力研究所,陕西西安710100

出　　处：《火箭推进》2015年第2期56-62,共7页Journal of Rocket Propulsion

摘　　要：在泵的设计中,间隙的尺寸控制向来都是一个难题,过大会损害泵的性能,过小则有发生碰磨的可能。针对关键间隙对泵性能影响的问题,利用ANSYS CFX软件,采用高精度六面体网格,应用SST、湍流模型和Rayleigh-Plesset汽蚀模型,对具有不同间隙的某型氧化剂泵进行了流场仿真,获得了间隙对泵水力性能和抗汽蚀性能的影响规律,并且从压力分布、气相份额分布和速度场等方面分析了产生这种影响的原因。结果表明:浮动环间隙越小,泵效率越高;诱导轮叶顶间隙越小,泵的抗汽蚀性能越高。泵的抗汽蚀性能随诱导轮叶顶间隙减小而提高的原因在于:叶顶回流强度减弱导致能量损失减少,离心轮入口静压升高。Size control of the clearance is always a complex problem for pump design. For the influence of key clearance on pump performance, ANSYS CFX software, fine hexahedral grid, SST turbulent model and Rayleigh-Plesset air-cavitation model were adopted to carry out the flow field numerical simulation of certain oxidizer pump with different clearance sizes, by which an influence rule of clearance on pump hydraulic and anti-cavitation performance was obtained. In addition, the reasons of generating these influences are analyzed in the aspects of pressure distribution, gaseous phase quotient distribution and velocity field. The result indicates that smaller the float ring clearance is, the higher the efficiency should be; the smaller the blade tip clearance of inducer, the higher the anti cavitation performance of pump becomes. The reason is that smaller clearance leads to weaker regurgitant intensity, then energy loss decreases and static pressure at the inlet of centrifugal wheel increases.

关 键 词：间隙 泵 水力性能 抗汽蚀性能 

分 类 号：V434.2[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]