椎间盘退变与相关易感基因研究概述  

Research Overview of the Intervertebral Disc Degeneration and Related Susceptibility Gene

作　　者：叶亚东 谢林[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京中医药大学,江苏南京210046 [2]江苏省中西医结合医院,江苏南京210028

出　　处：《河南中医》2015年第4期763-766,共4页Henan Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：江苏省中医药领军人才项目(编号:BZ2008071);江苏省生命健康科技专项(编号:BL2012069);江苏省六大人才高峰项目(编号:2010-WS-071)

摘　　要：椎间盘退变的发生发展受到多基因和某些环境因素共同影响。同时,该过程中也可能存在基因与环境相互作用或者多基因联合作用。椎间盘退变候选基因包括:1影响椎间盘结构构成的基因:Ⅰ型胶原、Ⅸ型胶原、Ⅺ型胶原、蛋白聚糖等;2调控椎间盘代谢的基因:基质金属蛋白酶-l和基质金属蛋白酶-3、维生素D受体、雌激素受体基因等;3与炎症相关基因:白介素-1、白介素-6基因等。尽管椎间盘退变遗传学机制在基因多态性方面研究已经取得了一定成果,但是还存在一些问题:1椎间盘退变的分子机制尚待进一步阐明,以便为进一步目的基因的筛选及联合应用提供更可靠的理论基础。2寻找更加高效、安全、无不良反应的表达载体,确保目的基因在宿主体内长期稳定表达,更有效地避免基因研究中可能产生的毒副反应。3转基因的表达与调控的研究一直是研究者的难题,怎样使目的基因适时、适量的表达是研究基因的难点。4组织工程与基因治疗在椎间盘退变的中、晚期联合应用将是一个促进退变椎间盘再生与修复有潜力的新的治疗思路。5随着基因测序技术的不断更新,研究者通过发掘与椎间盘退变相关的易感基因,从而制备特定基因敲除理想动物模型,这有可能成为将来造椎间盘退变动物模型的一个热点和方向。6基因遗传在椎间盘退变发生发展的作用机制的认识和研究主要停留在临床调查报道层面,并无基础研究的深入探讨。The occurrence of intervertebral disc degeneration（IDD） is influenced by many genes and some environmental factors. At the meanwhile, during this process, there also may be some interaction between the genes and the environment or the combined actions of multiple genes. The candidate genes of IDD include：①genes influencing the structure of the intervertebral disc：type I collagen,, type IXcollagen, type Xicollagen, proteoglycan, etc. ②genes regulating the intervertebral metabolism ： matrix metallopro- teinase-1, matrix metalloproteinase-3, vitamin D receptor, estrogen receptor, etc. ③genes related with inflammation ： interleukin-1, interleukin-6, etc. Even though the research on the genetic mechanism of IDD from gene polymorphism has achieved some fruits, some problems still exist：①The molecular mechanism of IDD needs further expounding in order to provide more reliable theoreti- cal basis for the selection of target genes and the combination application. ②To seek more efficient, safer and none-adverse-reac- tion expression vector to make sure the long-term stable expression of the target genes in the host body and better prevent the toxic and side effect which may occur in the gene research. ③The research on the expression of transgenosis and regulation remains as a difficulty. It＇s difficult to make the target gene express timely at appropriate amount. ④The combined application of the tissue engineering and gene therapy in the middle and late stage of IDD will be a potential new treatment thought to promote the regener- ation and restoration of the degenerated intervertebral discs. ⑤Along with the ever-renewing genetic sequencing technology, the re- searchers may prepare specific gene to knock out the ideal animal models through discovering the susceptibility gene related with IDD, which may become a hot research orientation of establishing IDD animal model. ⑥The understanding and research of the ac- tion mechanism of the occurrence and development of IDD from the genetic inheri

关 键 词：椎间盘退变 易感基因 炎症相关基因 

分 类 号：R259.815.3[医药卫生—中西医结合]