废水现状毒性试验(鱼类)方法的宏观质量控制因素分析  

Macro Quality Status Effluent Toxicity Tests( Fish) Method of Controlling Factors

作　　者：刘杰[1] 杨国强[1] 李成[1] 于力[1] 卢振兰[2] 孙国志 

机构地区：[1]吉林省环境监测中心站,吉林长春130011 [2]吉林农业大学,吉林长春130000 [3]公主岭市环境保护监测站,吉林公主岭136100

出　　处：《中国环境监测》2015年第2期121-125,共5页Environmental Monitoring in China

基　　金：水体污染与控制重大专项(2009ZX07527-002);(美国)国家地理空气和水保护基金(GEFC4-12)

摘　　要：工业废水急性毒性污染的监测,以鱼类毒性试验的应用最为普及。与毒性达标控制的监测监管相比,毒性现状测定更有助于支持毒性污染预警监管的实施。通过对已知物质毒性试验结果的多次验证,证实由鱼类种类决定的方法检出限、实验中使用鱼类的种类形式、同种试验鱼的不同来源和依照"预实验"线性对现状进行的反推等4方面因素中除试验鱼的来源问题外,其余3因素已构成了对实验结果的决定性影响。3种宏观质量影响因素中,反推影响更难于实施质量控制。以现状表述为主要目标的毒性试验应尽可能回避稀释过程。Acute toxicity of industrial wastewater pollution monitoring, in order to apply the most popular fish toxicity tests. Monitoring compliance with regulatory toxicity compared to the control, measuring toxicity status quo but also help to support the implementation of early warning monitoring toxic pollution. This article summarizes the three northeastern provinces in 2009 - 2012 and parts of the jiangsu wastewater fish toxicity test on the basis of experience, through the known material toxicity test results of validation for many times, confirmed by fish species decision method detection limit, the form of fish species used in the experiments, the same test fish of different sources and in accordance with the ＂preliminary experiment＂ linear with the status quo of backstepping and other four factors in addition to the test fish the source of the problem, the other three factors have a decisive influence on the test results. Three kinds of macroscopic quality influence factors, the influence is more difficult to implement quality control. Status quo of expression as the main target of toxicity test should as far as possible to avoid dilution process.

关 键 词：废水 现状毒性 鱼类 试验 宏观质量控制 因素分析 

分 类 号：X830.5[环境科学与工程—环境工程]