短芒披碱草异位保护群体的表型多样性研究  

Phenotypic variations in seven ex-situ conservation populations of Elymus breviaristatus

作　　者：顾晓燕[1] 郭志慧[1] 张新全[1] 周凯[1] 周朝杰[1] 符开欣 刘新[1] 马啸[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学动物科技学院草业科学系,四川雅安625014

出　　处：《草业学报》2015年第5期141-152,共12页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD13B06;2011BAD17B03);四川省科技支撑计划(2011SZ0162;2013ZC1635)资助

摘　　要：为揭示采集自川西北高原的短芒披碱草野生异位保存群体的表型变异规律,采用变异系数、巢式方差分析、主成分分析、聚类等方法,对川西北短芒披碱草种质资源共7个居群84个单株的32种表型性状进行多样性分析。结果表明,短芒披碱草表型性状在种群间和种群内存在极其丰富的多样性,种群间表型分化系数均值为41.66%,小于种群内变异(58.33%);茎秆、叶片、花序、小穗、颖片和内外稃的表型分化系数均值分别为55.92%,63.18%,38.62%,43.73%,31.45%和33.08%。穗部性状的稳定性较高。除第一颖长和外稃脉数外,其余性状与各地理生态因子间的相关性均不显著。利用群体间欧氏距离进行的UPGMA聚类分析结果表明,7个短芒披碱草野生群体可以划分为4类。Mantel相关分析表明地理距离与种群表型距离(欧氏距离)间相关不显著(r=0.334,P=0.083)。This paper reports on research undertaken to reveal phenotypic variations and variation patterns in seven ex-situ conservation populations of Elymus breviaristatus from the northwestern Sichuan Plateau. 32 phenotypic traits for 84 individuals were investigated using the methods of nested analysis of variance, coeffi- cient of variation, principal coordinate （PCO） analysis and cluster analysis. There were significant differences in morphological characteristics within and between the populations of E. breviaristatus. The mean phenotypic differentiation coefficient （VST） between populations was 41.66 %, which was less than that within populations （58.33%）. The average VST of culm, leaf, spike, spikelet, glume, lemma and palea were 55.9%, 63.2%, 38.6%, 43.7%, 31.5% and 33.1%, respectively. The stability of traits related to spike was higher than that of other traits. There were no significant correlations between the tested traits and eco-geographical factors ex- cept LGL （length of lower glume） and NVLM （number of veins of lemma）. The results of UPGMA cluster a- nalysis by Euclidean distance showed that the seven populations could be divided into four groups. Euclidean distance had no correlation with geographic distance between the collection sites based on the Mantel test （r= 0. 334, P=0. 083）.

关 键 词：短芒披碱草 川西北高原 表型多样性 

分 类 号：S543.9[农业科学—作物学]