基于免疫算法的高温超导故障限流器Pareto多目标优化配置  

Immune Algorithm Based Pareto Multi-Objective Optimal Allocation of High Temperature Superconductor-Fault Current Limiters

作　　者：陈柏超[1] 魏亮亮[1] 雷洋[1] 涂志康 袁佳歆[1] 陈峰[2] 聂德鑫[3] 潘靖 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学电气工程学院,湖北省武汉市430072 [2]国网安徽省电力公司,安徽省合肥市230022 [3]国网电力科学研究院,湖北省武汉市430074 [4]广东电网有限责任公司汕头供电局,广东省汕头市515041

出　　处：《电网技术》2015年第5期1343-1350,共8页Power System Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50807041);武汉市科技攻关计划(2013060501010164);武汉市青年科技晨光计划(2013070104010010);国家电网公司科技项目(WNJ131-0048)~~

摘　　要：针对高温超导故障限流器(high temperature superconductor-fault current limiter,HTS-FCL)的全网优化配置问题,提出了一种基于免疫算法的高温超导故障限流器Pareto多目标优化配置新方法。该方法综合考虑了限流器的成本和限流效果这2个优化目标。首先介绍了HTS-FCL的基本结构和原理,分析了安装高温超导故障限流器对原系统自阻抗的影响,提出了一种基于短路电流变化率的灵敏度计算方法,该方法可以缩小搜索空间,提高算法效率。然后分别建立了限流器成本评价子函数、限流效果评价子函数和多目标评价函数,制定了基于免疫算法的多目标Pareto优化算法流程,并在传统免疫算法的基础上提出了一种改进型的等成本倒位算子,通过仿真验证表明该算子较常规的免疫算法,能更好地收敛到最优解。最后以IEEE 39标准节点系统为例,实现了HTS-FCL的全网优化配置,验证了新方法的有效性,并求得了在综合考虑限流器成本和限流效果下的Pareto最优解集,设计者可以根据自己的意愿和实际情况在所求得的Pareto最优解集中选择合适的最优方案。In allusion to the optimal allocation of high temperature superconductor-fault current limiters （HTS-FCLs） in whole power grid, an immune algorithm based Pareto multi-objective optimal allocation approach for HTS-FCLs is proposed. Two optimization objectives, namely the cost of FCLs and the current limit effect, are synthetically considered in the proposed approach. Firstly, the basic structure and the principle of HTS-FCLs are presented and the impacts of configuring HTS-FCLs on self-impedance of the original power grid are analyzed, and then a method to calculate the sensitivity based on the variation rate of short-current, which can reduce the search space and improve the efficiency of algorithm, is put forward. Secondly, a subfunction evaluating the cost of FCLs and a subfunction evaluating current limiting effect as well as a multi-objective evaluation function are established respectively, and an immune algorithm based multi-objective Pareto optimal algorithm flowchart is drafted and based on traditional immune algorithm an improved inverse operator based on equal cost is put forward, and simulation verification shows that using the inverse operator the proposed calculation method can converge to the optimal Solution than conventional immune algorithm. Finally, taking IEEE standard 39 bus system for example, the whole grid optimal allocation of HTS-FCLs is implemented, thus the effectiveness of the proposed method is validated and the Pareto optimal solution set is achieved when the cost of FCLs and the current limiting effect are synthetically considered. The designer can select appropriate optimal scheme within the obtained Pareto optimal solution set according to actual condition and the very own will.

关 键 词：高温超导故障限流器 免疫算法 等成本倒位算子 多目标优化 PARETO最优解集 

分 类 号：TM711[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]