沉水植物对河道曼宁系数影响的实验研究  

Experimental study for Manning coefficient in different densities of submerged flexible vegetation

作　　者：马晓航[1,2] 王文才[2,3] 朱春申[2,3] 李一平[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200092 [2]浅水湖泊综合治理与资源开发教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210098 [3]河海大学环境学院,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《水动力学研究与进展（A辑）》2015年第1期106-111,共6页Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51379061);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20131370)~~

摘　　要：该文在实验室水槽中利用三维声学多普勒流速仪(ADV)和波高仪测定水流流速和波浪高度,以此数据研究了河道水生沉水植物对曼宁系数的影响。实验利用人造植物模拟自然植物,研究结果表明沉水植物对水流结构、阻力特性存在显著影响。在分析曼宁系数的变化规律之后提出了新的半经验方程,用以预测不同植物密度、不同波流条件下曼宁系数的变化。曼宁系数主要和植物密度和水流流速有关,同时受波浪的影响。新的方程对曼宁系数的拟合效果良好。The effect of submerged flexible vegetation on flow resistance structure（Manning coefficient） is experimentally studied based on the velocity and wave height data gauged by a 3D acoustic doppler velocimeter（ADV） and a wave height gauge in an open-channel flume. The results from flow observations over artificial plants（designed to simulate natural vegetation） show that flow structure and resistance are affected markedly by the presence of submerged flexible vegetation. The study provides understanding of flow patterns and Manning coefficient are affected by plant stem density. Also, new semi-empirical equations have been formulated to clearly predict variations of Manning coefficient with different vegetation density, flow rate and wave height. Manning coefficient is highly correlated to vegetation density and flow rate with the new equations being proposed.

关 键 词：曼宁系数 人造沉水植物 水槽 

分 类 号：TV133[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]