沈阳市区春季3~4岁幼儿上呼吸道微生态状况分析  

Analysis on micro-ecological status of upper respiratory tract among 3-4-year-old children in Spring in urban area of Shenyang

作　　者：徐佳[1] 李舒音[1] 陈冬梅[1] 徐静[1] 海晓欧[1] 陈魁敏[1] 周园[1] 肖纯凌[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳医学院,辽宁沈阳110034

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2015年第14期2188-2190,共3页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

基　　金：辽宁省科学技术计划项目〔2013225086〕;沈阳市环境污染与微生态重点实验室建设项目〔F14-181-1-00〕;沈阳市公益类竞争性选择科技项目

摘　　要：目的：检测沈阳市区春季3~4岁幼儿咽部正常菌群,了解健康幼儿咽部菌群的多样性、密集度及咽部优势菌群,为研制呼吸道微生态制剂及预防上呼吸道感染提供理论依据。方法：选取2012年3~4月沈阳市某幼儿园3~4岁健康幼儿62名的咽拭标本,分别对需养菌和厌氧菌进行分离培养、纯化、染色镜检及ATB鉴定。结果：沈阳市区春季幼儿咽部定植的需氧菌中,唾液链球菌、微黄奈瑟氏菌属、缓症链球菌、口腔链球菌和灰色奈瑟氏菌属的检出率明显高于其他菌属;厌氧菌中,韦荣球菌属和麻疹孪生球菌的检出率明显高于其他菌属,需氧菌和厌氧菌之比为1∶1.03。检出率较高的菌种构成比也均较高。需氧菌95%CI为4.8×104~7.2×104,厌氧菌95%CI为5.0×104~7.5×104。结论：沈阳市区春季3~4岁幼儿上呼吸道中的优势菌群为唾液链球菌、微黄奈瑟氏菌属、缓症链球菌、口腔链球菌、灰色奈瑟氏菌属、韦荣球菌属、麻疹孪生球菌,为研究呼吸道微生态平衡和预防幼儿上呼吸道感染提供了理论依据。Objective： To detect pharyngeal normal flora among 3-4-year-old children in Spring in urban area of Shenyang, un- derstand diversity and intensity of pharyngeal flora and pharynseal predominant flora anaon~ healthy children, provide theoretical basis for de- veloping micro-ecological preparations of respiratory tract and preventing upper respiratory tract infection. Methods： Pharyngeal swabs of 62 healthy children aged 3-4-years old were selected from a kindergarten of Shenyang city from March to April in 2012, aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria were isolated, cultured, purified, stained, and identified with ATB. Results ： Among pharyngeal aerobic bacteria of chil- dren in Spring in Shenyang city, the detection rates of Streptococcus salivarius, Neisseria subflava, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus sanguis, and Neisseria cinerea were higher than those of the other bacterial strains ; among pharyngeal anaerobic bacteria of children in Spring in Shen- yang city, the detection rates of Veillonella and Gemella mobillorum were higher than those of the other bacterial strains; the ratio of aerobic bacteria to anaerobic bacteria was 1 ： 1.03. The proportions of bacterial strains with high detection rate were relatively high; 95% CI values of aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria were 4. 8×10^4-7. 2×10^4 and 5.0×10^4-7. 5×10^4, respectively. Conclusion： The pharyngeal pre- dominant flora among 3-4-year-old children in Spring in urban area of Shenyang are Streptococcus salivarius, Neisseria subflava, Streptococ- cus mitis, Streptococcus sanguis, Neisseria cinerea, Veillonella, and Gemella rnobiUorum ; the study provides theoretical basis for researching micro-ecological balance of respiratory tract and preventing upper respiratory tract infection of children.

关 键 词：上呼吸道 微生态 幼儿 

分 类 号：R174[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]