植物细胞壁多糖合成酶系及真菌降解酶系  

Diverse Synthetases and Fungi Degradation Enzymes for the Polysaccharides of Plant Cell Walls

作　　者：公维丽[1] 王禄山[1] 张怀强[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学微生物技术国家重点实验室,济南250100

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2015年第4期149-165,共17页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：国家"973"计划(2011CB707401);国家自然科学基金项目(31370111;31170071);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2013CM038)

摘　　要：秸秆类植物细胞壁多糖高效降解转化对我国农业经济的绿色可持续发展具有重要意义,然而植物细胞壁在长期进化过程中形成了复杂结构限制了工业化酶解转化的过程。一方面从植物细胞壁多糖合成酶系的多样性、细胞壁多糖成分的复杂性、超分子结构的异质性等方面综述了形成植物细胞壁抗降解屏障的原因;另一方面从真菌降解植物细胞壁酶系的多样性、不同菌株降解酶组成差异性等分析降解转化植物细胞壁时发挥的不同作用,从而为工业转化合理复配真菌降解酶系,提高秸秆生物质的利用效率提供理论支持。Efficient degradation and conversion of the polysaccharides in the plant cell wall of straw is of great significance for green and sustainable development of agriculture economy in China. But the enzymatic hydrolysis process of the polysaccharides was restricted by the complex structures of plant cell wallsformed in the long-term evolution process. In this paper, the diversity of plant cell wall polysaccharides synthetases, the complexity of cell wall polysaccharides, and the heterogeneity of supramolecular structures are reviewed from the perspective of the reasons causing plant cell wall recalcitrance;in addition, the variety of plant cell wall degradation enzymes of fungi, and the discrepancy among different strains in degrading different biomass were also summarized, which provide theoretical support for reasonable recompounding of fungi degradation enzymes in industrial to improve the utilization efficiency of straw biomass.

关 键 词：植物细胞壁 抗降解屏障 多糖合成酶系 真菌降解酶系 绿色可持续发展 

分 类 号：Q942[生物学—植物学]