牧区生活饮用水贾第鞭毛虫和隐孢子虫的调查  

Investigation of Giardia and Cryptosporidium contamination in drinking water in a pasturing area in Inner Mongolia

作　　者：夏云婷[1] 查玉娥[1] 田向红[1] 崔旭初 靳桂才 童永发 王丽[1] 张荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心农村改水技术指导中心,北京102200 [2]赤峰市疾病预防控制中心 [3]翁牛特旗疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2015年第2期134-135,共2页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：国家卫生和计划生育委员会公益性行业科研专项(201302004)

摘　　要：目的了解牧区生活饮用水贾第鞭毛虫和隐孢子虫的污染状况。方法于2014年6—7月,采集随机抽取的赤峰市翁牛特旗8所幼儿园和18户家庭的生活饮用水水样以及辖区内的2条河流和1个水库的环境水样,检测贾第鞭毛虫、隐孢子虫、浑浊度、色度、p H值、总大肠菌群和耐热大肠菌群。结果幼儿园水样中贾第鞭毛虫的检出率为62.5%,均未超标;隐孢子虫的检出率为62.5%,超标率为12.5%。家庭水样中贾第鞭毛虫的检出率为50%,均未超标;隐孢子虫的检出率为27.8%,均未超标。26份饮用水样中浑浊度、色度和总大肠菌群的超标率分别为23.08%,26.92%和19.23%,耐热大肠菌群无超标。3份环境水样均检出贾第鞭毛虫、隐孢子虫和总大肠菌群。水中贾第鞭毛虫、总大肠菌群均与隐孢子虫呈显著正相关(rs分别为0.682、0.495,均P<0.01);水中贾第鞭毛虫、隐孢子虫均与耐热大肠菌呈显著正相关(rs分别为0.441、0.463,均P<0.05)。结论本次调查牧区的生活饮用水和环境水体均存在原虫污染,可能与粪便污染有关。Objective To know the contamination status of Giardia and Cryptosporidium in drinking water in Wongniute county,Inner Mongolia autonomous region. Methods The water samples were collected from eight kindergartens,eighteen families,two rivers and one reservoir, and Giardia,Cryptosporidium, turbidity,chromaticity, pH, total coliforms and thermotolerant coliforms were determined. Results As for drinking water of kindergartens, the detection rate of Giardia was 62.5% ,without over standard samples, and the detection rate of Cryptosporidium was 62.5%, with 12.5% of over standard rate. For household drinking water, the detection rate of Giardia was 50%, without over standard samples, and the detection rate of Cryptosporidium was 27.8%, without over standard samples. 23.08%, 26.92% and 19.23% of water samples were exceeded the levels of turbidity,chromaticity and total coliforms ruled by GB5749-2006 Standards for Drinking Water Quality respectively. Giardia, Cryptosporidium and total coliforms were all detected in three environmental water samples. Therrnotolerant coliforms of all samples were all qualified. There was significantly positive correlation between Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts, the values of rs were 0.682 and 0.495 respectively （P〈0.01）. And there were significant associations between them and thermotolerant coliforms, the values of rs were 0.441 and 0.463 respectively（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Giardia and Cryptosporidium contamination in the drinking water and water environment are seen in the investigated pasturing area, which may be associated with fecal pollution.

关 键 词：贾第鞭毛虫 隐孢子虫 牧区 生活饮用水 

分 类 号：R123.9[医药卫生—环境卫生学]