表面活性剂污染对纳滤膜去除水中邻苯二甲酸酯的影响  

INFLUENCES OF SURFACTANTS FOULING ON THE REMOVAL OF PHTHALATES BY NANOFILTRATION MEMBRANE

作　　者：朱丽芳[1,2] 沈丽华[3] 栗鸿强[4] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学环资学院,310058 [2]浙江水利水电学院,310018 [3]浙江省建筑设计研究院,310006 [4]杭州水处理技术研究开发中心,浙江杭州310012

出　　处：《水处理技术》2015年第5期34-38,共5页Technology of Water Treatment

基　　金：浙江省科技厅公益性技术应用研究计划项目(2014C33059)

摘　　要：选用NF90和NF270 2种纳滤膜,研究十二烷基苯磺酸钠（SDBS）、Tween 80和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTMAB）3种表面活性剂对纳滤膜的污染机制以及对去除水中邻苯二甲酸二甲酯（DMP）、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯（DEP）和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯（DBP）3种有机污染物的影响。实验结果表明,3种表面活性剂对NF90污染明显,且污染后NF90膜的通量为未污染膜的21%~59%,亲水性明显增大;对于NF270,仅有CTMAB表现出明显的污染,污染后NF270膜的通量为污染膜的52%,疏水性增大。膜污染对NF90截留3种邻苯二甲酸酯类没有明显影响;而对NF270影响明显,被CTMAB污染后的NF270纳滤膜对DMP、DEP和DBP的截留率分别下降5.6%、15.2%和24.1%,这主要是由于CTMAB的增溶作用使有机物在膜表面的浓度增大,提高了膜两侧的浓度梯度从而使渗透液中有机物浓度增大导致截留率下降。加入Na Cl使污染后的NF90和NF270的通量均出现下降趋势,且通量随盐浓度的增大而下降;Na Cl浓度的改变（10 mmol/L和20 mmol/L）对污染膜截留有机物呈现增大或减小的变化,这主要与膜的种类和有机物的疏水性有关。Two nanofiltration membranes（NF90 and NF270） and typical surfactants（nonionic Tween80, anionic SDBS and cationic CTMAB） were selected to investigate the influence of surfactant fouling on the modification of membrane properties and thereby on the rejection of three phthalic acid esters including dimethyl phthalate（DMP）, diethyl phthalate（DEP） and dibutyl phthalate（DBP）. The results showed that the permeate flux of NF90 membrane decreased significantly to 21% ~59% and the hydrophilicity of the membrane increased obviously after being fouled by all the three surfactants. For NF270, a significantly decrease of permeate flux and an increase of hydrophobicity were observed only after being fouled by CTMAB.With regard to the NF90 membrane, the rejections of three phthalic acid esters were not observed to be distinctly affected by the fouling. However,rejections of DMP, DEP and DBP by NF270 fouling with CTMAB decreased by 5.6%, 15.2% and 24.1%, respectively. This may be attributed to the solubilization of CTMAB on organic pollutant. The accrued solutes at the membrane surface enhanced the concentration gradient across the membrane leading to an increase in permeate concentration and thereby a decrease in rejection. The addition of Na Cl in the feed stream decreased the permeate flux of both fouled nanofiltration membranes, and the permeate flux decreased significantly with increased Na Cl concentration（from 10 to 20 mmol/L）.Increase the Na Cl concentration from 10 to 20 mmol/L lead to increase or decrease of rejection after membrane fouling, which result could be ascrib to the hydrophobicity of organic pollutants and the membrane used.

关 键 词：表面活性剂 纳滤 膜污染 邻苯二甲酸酯类 

分 类 号：TQ028.8[化学工程]