随钻恒扭器的研制及现场应用  

Development and Field Application of Drilling Torque Stabilizer

作　　者：刘希茂[1] 范春英[1] 高巧娟[1] 聂洁净[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京石油机械厂

出　　处：《石油机械》2015年第5期32-35,共4页China Petroleum Machinery

摘　　要：钻井过程中扭矩的波动容易导致钻柱自激振动、井下钻具扭断,甚致使顶驱或转盘憋停、螺杆钻具滞动,进而导致频繁的上提钻具以及泵压的大幅波动,影响钻进效率。为此,研制了随钻恒扭器,并将其在塔河油田进行了现场应用。随钻恒扭器主要由密封机构、储能机构及压扭转换机构组成,具有过载卸载及减振保护功能。工作时压扭转换机构会在大扭矩及差速的作用下发生转动,并使储能机构产生压缩,此时下部钻具会被提升一定距离,释放部分反扭矩,整个过程中部分扭矩被储存到储能机构并随着反扭矩的减小而逐步释放。现场应用结果表明,随钻恒扭器对钻井扭矩可以起到"消峰填谷"的作用,有利于稳定泵压,减少失速,有效保护钻头。The torque fluctuations are prone to lead to drilling string self-induced vibration the downhole drilling tool broken, and more often result in stop of top drive or rotary table and sluggish of positive displacement motor, which led to frequent pull up and pump pressure fluctuation and impact the drilling efficiency. To address the issue, the drilling torque stabilizer is developed and applied at Tahe oilfield. The drilling torque stabilizer mainly consists of the sealing mechanism, energy storage mechanism and pressure-torsion conversion mechanism, and has the function of overload unloading and vibration protection. The pressure-torsion conversion mechanism rotates under high torque and differential speed and compress the energy storage, then the lower drill string is lifted a certain distance and the portion of anti-torque released. During the whole process, portion of the torque is stored to the energy storage and gradually released with the anti-torque decreases. Field application shows that the drilling torque stabilizer could have an effect of ＂peak and valley filling＂ and have the benefit of stabilizing the pump pressure, reducing stalling and protecting the drill bit.

关 键 词：随钻恒扭器 扭矩波动 储能机构 压扭转化 滞动 

分 类 号：TE921[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]