我院2011-2013年住院患者医院感染现患率的调查分析  

Investigation and Analysis on the Hospital Infection Prevalence Rate of Inpatients in Our Hospital from 2011 to 2013

作　　者：成燕[1] 吴晓春[2] 侯章梅 杨薇[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆市第三人民医院医院感染管理科,重庆400014 [2]重庆市第三人民医院肝胆外科,重庆400014

出　　处：《中国药房》2015年第14期1931-1934,共4页China Pharmacy

摘　　要：目的:提高医院感染管理质量,切实降低医院感染率。方法:依照原卫生部《医院感染监测规范》,于2011-2013年每年的7月采用床旁逐个调查和查阅住院病历相结合的方法,对我院住院患者的感染情况进行调查,包括感染现患病例的分布及抗菌药物使用情况等。结果:2011-2013年共调查住院患者2 183例,实查率均为100%,发生医院感染111例,感染率为5.08%;2011-2013年,医院感染现患率分别为5.55%、5.18%、4.58%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);感染部位均以下呼吸道为主,分别占68.42%、75.56%、60.00%;医院感染率高发科室为重症监护室(ICU),占48.00%;医院感染病原体以革兰阴性菌为主,占84.42%,其中铜绿假单胞菌居首,占20.78%;抗菌药物使用率分别为51.93%、31.94%、28.84%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);以单一用药为主,分别占76.85%、87.75%、76.64%;感染标本送检率分别为25.56%、57.22%、61.54%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);感染主要危险因素为高龄、侵入性操作等,整体现患率男性高于女性。结论:同一时期现患率调查,可了解临床各科室医院感染发生及抗菌药物使用等情况,及时发现导致医院感染的高危因素,制定切合医院感染实际情况的感染预防控制措施,提高医院感染管理质量,降低医院感染率。OBJECTIVE： To strengthen the management of the hospital infection and reduce hospital infection rates. METH- ODS： According to the Standard of Hospital Infection Monitoring of former Ministry of Health, the hospital infection rate of inpa- tients was investigated. With the investigation of by bed and records in the July of 2011 to 2013, the infection of inpatients was in- vestigated. The distribution of infection prevalence and the use of antibacterial drugs were registered. RESULTS： Totally 2 183 inpa- tients were investigated from 2011 to 2013 with the real check rate of 100% and 111 was infected with the infection rate of 5.08%. The hospital infection prevalence rate from 2011 to 2013 was respectively 5.55 %, 5.18 % and 4.58 %, with no significant differenc- es （P〉0.05）. There were mainly lower respiratory tract infections, respectively accounting for 68.42%, 75.56% and 60.00% ; ICU was the high-risk department, accounting for 48.00% ; gram-negative bacteria was the main pathogens of hospital infection, account- ing for 84.42%; Pseudomonas aeruginosa stood the top, accounting for 20.78% and the utilization rate of antibacterial drugs was re- spectively 51.93%, 31.94% and 28.84%, with significant differences （P〈0.05）; single-joint medication was mainly used, respec- tively accounting for 76.85%, 87.75% and 76.64% ; the submission rate was respectively 25.56%, 57.22% and 61.54%, with sig- nificant difference （P〈0.05）. The investigation showed that the main risk factors of infection were advanced age, invasive opera- tion, etc. Male was higher than female in aspect of the overall prevalence rates. CONCLUSIONS： The occurrence of hospital infec- tion can be effectively prevented by investigating the prevalence rate of same period, finding the weak links of hospital infection management, reasonably developing hospital infection monitoring program, carrying out targeted monitoring, formulating the infec- tion prevention and control measures for actual situation, improving submission rate and

关 键 词：医院感染 现患率 抗菌药物 调查分析 

分 类 号：R969.1[医药卫生—药理学] R978.1[医药卫生—药学]