我院2011-2013年住院患者抗菌药物应用与细菌耐药性分析  

Analysis of the Use of Antibiotics and Bacterial Resistance of Inpatients in Our Hospital from 2011 to 2013

作　　者：叶峥嵘[1] 吴琳 朱琳 

机构地区：[1]陕西中医学院,陕西咸阳712046 [2]咸阳市中心医院,陕西咸阳712000

出　　处：《中国药房》2015年第14期1935-1938,共4页China Pharmacy

摘　　要：目的:了解医院抗菌药物应用和临床主要致病菌耐药情况,为细菌感染性疾病治疗和抗菌药物合理应用提供依据。方法:统计咸阳市中心医院2011-2013年住院患者抗菌药物的消耗金额和用药频度(DDDs),并对同期临床送检标本进行细菌培养鉴定及药敏试验,分析其结果。结果:2011-2013年,头孢菌素类、β-内酰胺酶抑制剂复方制剂和其他β-内酰胺类抗菌药物的消耗金额始终排在各类抗菌药物的前3位,喹诺酮类所占销售金额的比例逐年下降,但其代表品种左氧氟沙星的DDDs在2013年出现上升且排序提前。表皮葡萄球菌居医院感染葡萄球菌中的第1位,始终位列分离病原菌的前3位,对很多药物的耐药率达50%以上。大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和铜绿假单胞菌是分离出的主要革兰阴性菌,对多种抗菌药物具有不同程度的耐药性。结论:该院的细菌耐药形势严峻,应根据药敏结果谨慎选择抗菌药物以进一步提高临床疗效。OBJECTIVE： To understand the use of antibiotics and pathogenic bacteria resistance and provide reference for the treatment of bacterial infectious diseases and rational use of antibiotics. METHODS ： The consumption sum and DDDs of antibiotics of inpatients in Xianyang Central Hospital （hereinafter referred to our hospital） from 2011 to 2013 were statistically analyzed. The bacteria isolated from clinical samples was cultured and identified and susceptibility testing was conducted. The results were ana- lyzed. RESULTS： The consumption sum of cephalosporins, fl-lactamase inhibitor compound preparations and other fl-lactamase stood the top 3; the ratio of consumption sum of quinolones was decreased year by year and the DDDs of levofloxacin was in- creased and ordered ahead in 2013. Staphylococcus epidermidis was the top 1 among all the infectious staphylococcus in hospital, always stood the top 3 among the isolated pathogens and the drug resistance was more than 50%. Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneu- moniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the major gram-negative bacteria and they had varying degrees of resistance to various antibiotics. CONCLUSIONS： The bacterial drug resistance in our hospital is grim and the antibiotics should be carefully selected by drug sensitivity results to further improve the efficacy.

关 键 词：细菌 抗菌药物 耐药性 合理应用 

分 类 号：R969.1[医药卫生—药理学] R978.1[医药卫生—药学]