一种胺基型阳离子表面活性剂的合成及其溶液性能  

Synthesis of a Novel Quaternary Ammonium Cationic Surfactant and Its Solution Properties

作　　者：张轩[1,2] 宋佳蓉[1] 叶仲斌[1,2] 陈洪[2,3] 韩丽娟[1,2] 鲜继 

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学化学化工学院,四川成都610500 [2]西南石油大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室,四川成都610500 [3]西南石油大学石油与天然气工程学院,四川成都610500

出　　处：《精细化工》2015年第5期510-516,共7页Fine Chemicals

摘　　要：该文以2-氯乙胺盐酸盐和十八烷基叔胺为原料,合成了一种胺基型阳离子表面活性剂——N-十八烷基-N,N'-二甲基-乙基-1,2-胺。通过IR和1HNMR对其结构进行了确证;并得到优化的合成条件为:物料比nb/na为1.20,反应温度为70℃,反应时间为7 h,p H=7。采用电导法测定不同p H下该表面活性剂的临界胶束浓度(CMC),发现CMC随着p H的降低而减小。该表面活性剂在Na Sal溶液质量分数为1%时,能形成蠕虫状胶束。流变性能测试表明,体系具有蠕虫状胶束的剪切稀释性特征和凝胶特性,同时具有p H响应,能在酸性条件下增黏,是一种智能型蠕虫状胶束体系。A novel quaternary ammonium cationic surfactant （N-octadecyl-N,N＇_dimethyl_ethane_l ,2- diamine, ClS DEDAM） was synthesized from 2-chloroethylamine hydrochloride and octadecyl dimethyl amine（C18DAM） at 70 ℃ for 7 h under the condition of the pH value being 7, and the compound structure was confirmed by IR and 1HNMR. The CMC was measured by conductivity measurement, and the cmc value decreased with the pH value decreasing. C18 DEDAM can form wormlike mieelles when the NaSal mass fraction is 1%. The shearing test shows that C18DEDAM-NaSal system has the shearing thinning ability which is characteristic of wormlike micelles, and the viscoelastic test indicates that the system shows the characteristic of gel. Besides, the surfactant can achieve high viscosity in acid condition,which indicates that it is one kind of smart viscoelastic surfactant.

关 键 词：胺基型阳离子表面活性剂 蠕虫状胶束 PH响应 

分 类 号：TQ423[化学工程]