黄芪及其提取物的红外光谱鉴别  

Rapid analysis of astragalus and its extracts by infraredspectroscopy

作　　者：郭怡祯 庞文静[1] 孙素琴[2] 王晶娟[1] 吴浩忠[1] 肖瑶[1] 鲁利娜[1] 向丽[1] 杨颜芳 

机构地区：[1] 北京中医药大学中药学院,100102 [2] 清华大学化学系,北京100084

出　　处：《国际中医中药杂志》2015年第5期431-434,共4页International Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（81303217）

摘　　要：目的：本文通过比较黄芪及其不同提取物的红外光谱图，为黄芪的化学成分分析和提取分离工艺提供质量参考。方法利用乙醇回流法提取皂苷与黄酮，再用蒸馏水提取药渣中的多糖。对黄芪药材粉末、黄芪水提取物、黄芪醇提物及其药渣水提物的红外光谱及二阶导数谱进行分析。结果黄芪粉末、70%醇提物和80%醇提物皆于1735 cm-1附近（羰基伸缩振动吸收峰）有较弱、较宽的吸收峰，黄芪水提物中此波长附近的吸收峰不明显。表明黄芪水提物中主要为多糖类成分，含有少量不溶于水的黄酮类成分。醇提物则主要为皂苷类与黄酮类成分，且在一定范围内，黄酮类提取量随乙醇浓度增加而增加。结论红外光谱分析法可快速、简便地鉴别黄芪及其提取物的化学成分类别，为其进一步的质量研究提供依据。Objective To provide effective reference for quality analysis of the chemical composition and extraction of astragalus separation process by comparing the extract of astragalus and it’s IR spectra. Methods The saponins and flavonoids in astragalus were firstly extracted by the method of circumfluence with ethanol as solvent and the residue of ethanol-extraction was then used to extract polysaccharides by distilled water. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （IR） combined with second derivative infrared spectroscopy was applied to quickly identify astragalus herbs powder, water extraction of astragalus, astragalus alcohol extraction and water extraction of the residue of ethanol-extraction. Results The powder and 70% ethanol extract, 80% ethanol extract were around at 1 735 cm-1 （carbonyl stretching vibration absorption peak） has a weak, broad absorption, while the absorption peak was less obvious in boiling water extraction. So the maln components of astragalus water extraction are polysaccharides and also contaln a small amount of water-insoluble flavonoids. Alcohol extraction malnly contalns saponins and flavonoids, and flavonoid extract volume increases with increasing alcohol concentration in a certaln range.Conclusion This method can be a quick and easy identification for astragalus and it’s extraction for its chemical composition class, and provide the basis for further research quality.

关 键 词：黄芪 黄芪水提物 黄芪醇提物 红外光谱 

分 类 号：R284.1[医药卫生—中药学]