碱活化法制备外墙保温板残料活性炭及表征  

Preparation and characterization of activated carbon based on external wall insulation board residual material by alkali activation method

作　　者：高丽娟[1] 吴红运[1] 吴红霞[2] 徐妍[1] 赵雪飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁科技大学化学工程学院,鞍山114051 [2]青海油田天然气开发公司,格尔木816000

出　　处：《科技导报》2015年第9期35-39,共5页Science & Technology Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U1361126);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(20132120110001);辽宁省教育厅创新团队项目(LT2010053);辽宁省煤化工工程技术中心开放基金项目(2013-05)

摘　　要：以外墙保温板残料为原料,采用碱活化法制备活性炭。借助傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)、X-射线衍射(XRD)、BET比表面积、孔径分布和碘值进行表征。使用外墙保温板残料在N2保护下以10℃/min的升温速率升温到800℃,在800℃下炭化30 min,自然冷却至室温获得炭粉;炭粉用含有4倍当量的KOH溶液(0.1 g/m L)浸渍8 h,加热除去水后转至活化炉中,N_2保护下以10℃/min的升温速率升温到800℃活化60 min,自然降温到室温;用5%的盐酸和水清洗至p H值为中性;120℃干燥恒重。本工艺制备的活性炭:碘值2300.27 mg/g,比表面积1293.45 m^2/g,平均孔径2.4 nm,主要由微孔和偏小中孔组成。Activated carbons are prepared from the external wall insulation board residual material by the alkali activation method. The performance of the activated carbon is characterized by the FT-IR spectroscopy, the X-ray diffraction, the BET specific surface area, the pore size distribution and the iodine adsorption value. The external wall insulation board is heated from the room temperature to 800℃ at the rate of 10℃/min under the atmosphere of nitrogen and maintains for 30 min. Then it cools to the ambient temperature to obtain charcoal powder. At the ratio of 4： l（alkali/carbon）, the charcoal powder is impregnated for 8 h with 0.1 g/mL KOH solution and is transferred to the activation furnace after being heated to remove water. The charcoal powder is heated from the room temperature to 800℃ at the rate of 10℃/min under the atmosphere of nitrogen, is activated for 60 rain, naturally cools down to the room temperature, is washed with 5% hydrochloric acid and water to neutralize, and then is dried to a state of constant weight at 120℃. In the process, the index parameters of the activated carbon are found to be as follows： The iodine value is 2300.27 mg/g, the specific surface area is 1293.45 m2/g, the average pore size is 2.4 nm, which is mainly composed of micro pores and small middle pores.

关 键 词：外墙保温板残料 碱活化法 碘吸附值 比表面积 孔径分布 

分 类 号：TQ424.19[化学工程]