红树植物对根域真菌生态的影响  

A comparative study on rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere fungi in six mangrove communities

作　　者：刘玉[1,2] 温翠屏 李艳萍[1,2] 彭逸生[1,2] 洪泽珊 曾彩虹[1] 袁宝茵 

机构地区：[1]中山大学环境科学与工程学院,广州510275 [2]广东省环境污染控制与修复技术重点实验室,广州510275

出　　处：《生态学报》2015年第8期2473-2480,共8页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41171416);国家高技术研究发展(863)计划(2007AA091703)

摘　　要：植物根系具有丰富的微生物种类和生物量,为了掌握红树植物根系真菌的生态状况,在广东湛江红树林国家级自然保护区内6种红树植物群落中采集样品分离根际与非根际真菌,分析红树植物对根域真菌生态的影响以及根域真菌与环境因子的关系。从分离培养的6种红树植物的根域样本中,鉴定出5属11种真菌。桐花树、木榄、无瓣海桑和秋茄根际真菌的丰度与种类均高于非根际真菌,说明这4种红树植物对根际真菌生长有促进作用,而红海榄与白骨壤则相反,说明其对根际真菌有抑制作用。总体上,红树林林内真菌种类数远高于林外,表明红树植物覆盖对促进真菌物种多样性有积极作用。根际真菌丰度与总有机碳(TOC)呈显著负性相关关系,非根际真菌种类数与硝态氮(NO3-N)呈显著正相关关关系,说明根际TOC中可能含有抑制真菌生长作用的物质,而在非根际,红树植物根系分泌物影响较小。红树植物根系分泌物对根际微生物数量和种类数有一定的影响。Rich and unique fungal resources exist in tropical and subtropical mangrove forests in the coastal intertidal zone. Fungi are involved in the decomposition of organic matter and regeneration of inorganic nutrient. They can degrade pollutants in the marine environment, promote marine self-purification, and play an important role in the marine ecosystem. The plant root system is rich in microbial species and biomass. However, research on the fungal ecological status in mangrove roots is limited. namely This study was conducted in the core zone of Zhanjiang Mangrove National Nature Reserve, Guangdong Province, Gaoqiao Mangrove Reserve with the area of 700.1 hm2（E 109 °40 ＇--110 °35 ＇,N 20 °14 ＇--21 °35 ＇） extending linearly along the 27 km long coast. Rhizosphere （0 cm to 2.5 cm） and non-rhizosphere （2.5 cm to 10 cm） fungal and environmental samples were collected from six species of mangrove communities to analyze the affect of mangrove root on fungal abundance and species composition and to examine the relationships of fungi with environmental factors. Results showed that a total of 35 different morphology colonies appeared in the culture medium, and 5 genera and 11 species of fungi were identified by fungal morphological identification technology. These species were Aspergillus zhaoqingensis , Aspergillus japonicus var. japonicus, Aspergillus carneus, Cladosporium sphaerospermum, Aspergillus niveus, Trichoderma atroviride, Cladosporium paUidum, Talaromyces flavus, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Penicillium minioluteum, and Penicillium variable. The fungal abundance in the six species of mangrove rhizosphere was 3.38 × 10 3 cfu/g to 10.94 × 10 3 cfu/g dry soil, and the fungal abundance in non-rhizosphere was 4.12 × 10 3 cfu/g to 8.78 × 10 3 cfu/g dry soil. According to the plate count of fungi, the R/S ratios of the six mangrove species followed the order Bruguiera gymnorrhiza （1.73） 〉 Kandelia candel （1.25） 〉 Sonneratia apetala （1.07） 〉 Aegiceras corniculatum （1.02�

关 键 词：红树植物 根域真菌 根际 非根际 生态 

分 类 号：S714.3[农业科学—林学]