基于nad5的西施舌漳州群体遗传分化水平分析——以蛤蜊属2个物种差异水平为参照  

The genetic differentiation analysis on Coelomactra antiquata Zhangzhou populations based on nad5: taking that of two Mactra species as a reference

作　　者：孟学平[1] 申欣[1] 屠海淼 朱笑琳 赵娜娜[1,2] 程汉良[1] 阎斌论 

机构地区：[1]淮海工学院海洋学院江苏省海洋生物技术重点实验室,连云港222005 [2]南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院江苏省海洋生物重点实验室,南京210095

出　　处：《生态学报》2015年第8期2635-2642,共8页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20131210);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目;江苏省海洋生物技术重点实验室开放课题(2011HS009;2009HS13);国家自然科学基金(40906067);江苏省"青蓝工程"人才基金(苏教师[2010]27号);中央财政支持地方高校发展专项资金资助(CXTD01;CXTD04);江苏省海洋资源开发研究院科技开放基金(JSIMR11B19);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)

摘　　要：扩增了西施舌日照、连云港、北海、漳州4个野生群体、四角蛤蜊和中国蛤蜊各1个群体共73个样本的NAD5基因片段,测序获得了480bp核苷酸序列,分析核苷酸的多态性,旨在评估福建漳州西施舌与日照、连云港、北海西施舌之间的分化水平。结果:从73个序列中共检测到44种单倍型(Hap),其中西施舌4个群体有29种Haps,四角蛤蜊和中国蛤蜊分别有10种和5种Haps,漳州群体与北海、日照、连云港群体单倍型有明显差异;将西施舌分为北海、日照、连云港组(GP1)和漳州组(GP2)2个组,分析核苷酸差异,GP1与GP2间的T、A、G含量差异极显著(P<0.01)。GP1与GP2间的遗传距离与组内(GP1、GP2)遗传距离之比为25.1—41.8,四角蛤蜊与中国蛤蜊之间的遗传距离与种内个体间遗传距离之比为24.4—36.7,GP1、GP2间的差异达到了四角蛤蜊和中国蛤蜊种间差异水平,而日照、北海群体间的遗传距离只有0.009,北海与日照群体地理位置虽远,但遗传差异则很小;AMOVA分析显示漳州西施舌发生了极显著遗传分化(FST=0.966—0.978,P<0.01)。Class Bivalvia is a group of marine and freshwater molluscs in two hinged parts. Bivalves have been an important source of food with laterally compressed bodies enclosed by a shell for humans. Clams, oysters, ark clams, scallops, cockles and mussels are the most commonly consumed kinds of bivalve, and are eaten raw or cooked. Mactridae, also known as trough shells or duck clams, is an important family of marine bivalve clams of the order Veneroida. Mactridae currently includes about 350 recognized species distributed in the world. Coelomactra antiquata （Bivalvia： Veneroida： Mactridae） was widely distributed along the Chinese coast, north to Dalian city （ Liaoning province） and south to Beihai city （ Guangxi province）, which was most abundant in Fujian province 20 years ago. C. antiquata is one of the valuable and a promising new candidate for aquaculture, and it had been ranked as critically endangered species in China. The research results from morphology and molecular （nuclear DNA and mitoehondrial DNA sequences） showed that Fujian （Zhangzhou and Changle） C. antiquata undergone significant differentiation, and it may be a subspecies of C. antiquata or a cryptic species. Comparative mitochondrial genomic analyses also showed that the differentiation between the Zhangzhu （zz-） and Rizaho （rz-） mtDNA reached the species level. The data above mentioned provide an important background to determine the taxonomic status of Zhangzhou C. antiquata. However, the evidences to determine the taxonomic status based on the current data are insufficient. The variation of NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 gene （nad5） is larger than 16S rRNA gene and cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 gene, the had5 differences among different populations can provide more convincing evidence for identifying the differentiation level of Fujian C. antiquata. In this study, NAD5 gene fragments of 73 samples were amplified, including four wild populations of C. antiquata （Rizhao, Lianyungang, Beihai and Zhangzhou ） and e

关 键 词：西施舌 四角蛤蜊 中国蛤蜊 nad5 差异 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]