川中丘陵区柏木低效林改造模式植物多样性对土壤有机碳的影响  

Effects of plant diversity on soil organic carbon under different reconstructing patterns in low efficiency stands of cuprssus funebris in the hilly region of central Sichuan

作　　者：李平[1] 李凤汀[1] 范川[1] 李贤伟[1] 张健[1] 黄明莉[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学林学院长江上游林业生态工程四川省重点实验室,雅安625014

出　　处：《生态学报》2015年第8期2667-2675,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑项目(2011BAC09B05);国家林业局中央财政林业科技推广示范(2010TK55);四川省科技支撑计划(2010NZ0049)共同资助

摘　　要：以川中丘陵区柏木低效林改造10a后的4种模式:纯杂交竹模式(Bambusa pervariabilis×Dendrocalamopsis daii)(CZ)、柏木(Cupressus funebris Endl.)+桤木(Alnus cremastogyne Burk.)+杂交竹模式(BZQ)、柏木+麻栎(Quercus acutissima Carruth)模式(BL)、柏木+杂交竹模式(BZ)为研究对象,纯柏(CB)为对照,对土壤有机碳含量、碳密度和土壤活性有机碳(土壤易氧化碳、水溶性碳和微生物量碳)含量及植物多样性进行了研究。结果表明:(1)随着土层深度的增加,土壤有机碳含量、碳密度及其组分均下降,其中土壤有机碳含量下降幅度最大,易氧化碳含量下降幅度最小;0—10 cm土壤有机碳密度占整个取样剖面的45.7%—64.4%,具有明显的表聚性。(2)不同模式0—40 cm土层土壤有机碳含量、碳密度和土壤易氧化碳、水溶性碳和微生物量碳含量均为BZQ>BZ>CB>BL>CZ,差异均达到显著水平(P<0.05)。几种模式中,BZQ与CB相比,土壤有机碳含量、碳密度、土壤易氧化碳、水溶性碳和微生物量碳含量增幅分别为37.8%、33.5%、36.6%、52.5%和23.2%,表明BZQ模式在提高土壤有机碳方面作用最明显。(3)植物Simpson优势度指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数和丰富度指数大致表现为BZQ>BZ>CB>BL>CZ;相关分析表明,土壤有机碳、碳密度、易氧化碳、水溶性碳和微生物量碳与灌木层和草本层的植物多样性指数均呈显著正相关,而与乔木层植物多样性不相关。The soil organic carbon （SOC） pool is an important component of global carbon stock, It could play a huge impact on global terrestrial carbon cycling, eco-system construction and material recycling due to its slight changes. Plant diversity could influence the temperature, humidity, microorganisms and litter of forest floor, and then affect the reserves of SOC. The hilly region in central Sichuan province is a critical part of ecological barriers in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, and the low efficiency stands of Cuprssus funebris grow in these areas are the main forest types. Our objectives were （ 1 ） to explore the characteristics of SOC in the low efficiency stands of Cuprssus funebris which have been reconstructed for 10 years, （2） to quantify the relationships between SOC and plant diversity of the tree layers, the shrub layers and the herb layers.The planting patterns of Bambusa pervariabilis x Dendrocalamopsis daii （ CZ ）, Cupressus funebris Endl. ＋ Bambusa pervariabilisxAlnus cremastogyne Burk. ＋ Alnus cremastogyne Burk. （ BZQ）, Cupressus funebris Endl. ＋ Quercus acutissima Carruth （BL）, Cupressus funebris Endl. ＋Bambusa pervariabilisx Dendrocalamopsis daii （BZ） were reconstructed in 2002. CZ pattern was reconstructed on the planting spacing of 4 m × 4 m after clear cutting, and the other patterns were reconstructed by interplanting after intermediate cutting. In 2012, 3 sample plots were set in each pattern to study SOC content, SOC density, easily-oxidized carbon （EOC）, water-soluble organic carbon （WSOC）, soil microbial biomass carbon （SMBC） and plant diversity. The results were found as follows ： （ 1 ） The contents of SOC and its components were decreased with increasing soil depth, with the maximal drop of SOC and the minimum drop of EOC ; SOC density in topsoil （0--10 cm） accounted for 45.7% to 64.4% of the whole sampling profile, exhibiting obvious surface accumulation. （2） SOC content, SOC density, EOC, WSOC and SMBC content in

关 键 词：柏木 低效林 改造模式 土壤有机碳 植物多样性 

分 类 号：S714.2[农业科学—林学] S756.5