利用牡蛎壳体作为近海重金属污染标记物的研究  

Research on the Use of Oyster Shell as a Marker of Heavy Metal Pollution in Coastal Waters

作　　者：赖增隆[1] 方展强[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学生命科学学院广东省高等学校生态与环境科学重点实验室,广东广州510631

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2015年第15期196-198,242,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2009B030600006);国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2009BADB2B0401-02)

摘　　要：为了探讨贝类壳体作为海洋重金属污染标记物的可行性,于2011年3月,分别从饶平汫洲、深圳湾、珠海高栏港、阳江闸波、湛江官渡等广东沿海域采集了近江牡蛎和长牡蛎样品。使用原子吸收分光光度计对牡蛎壳体各生长层中Ca、Co、Cd、Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr、Ni、Fe和Mn等元素的含量进行测定。结果显示,各元素在不同采样点牡蛎壳体各生长层中的含量排列顺序大体一致,壳体中必需元素Ca〉Fe、Mn〉Cu〉Zn,排在前5位,是壳体的主要构成成分,其中Ca＋Fe＋Mn含量约占总量的36%~40%,Cu和Zn含量也较高,保持稳定;非必需元素Ni〉Cr〉Pb〉Co〉Cd,其中有毒重金属元素Cd、Cr和Pb含量低、变动范围大,Cd含量最低。结果表明,双壳类壳体可以作为监测海洋环境中Cr、Cd等重金属元素的生物标记物。The content and distribution of heavy metals in different growth layers of bivalve shells were investigated in order to explore if the mollusk shells can serve as markers of heavy metal pollution of the sea and can reflect changes in the environment year quarter.During March2011,oyster samples（Crassostrea rivularis and C.gigas） were collected from Raoping,Shenzhen Bay,Zhuhai,Yangjiang and Zhanjiang along Guangdong coastal waters,respectively.Calcium（Ca）,cobalt（Co）,cadmium（Cd）,copper（Cu）,zinc（Zn）,lead（Pb）,chromium（Cr）,nickel（Ni）,iron（Fe） and manganese（Mn） in growth layers of oyster shell were determined by using atomic absorption spectrophotometer.The results showed that arrange content order of various elements in growth layers of oyster shell from different sampling point was generally consistent.The top five essential elements of Ca 〉 Fe and Mn 〉 Cu 〉 Zn were the main components of the shell,of which Ca ＋ Fe ＋ Mn was approximately 36%-40% of the total,and the Cu and Zn content was higher,the number remained stable.But the content order of non-necessary element was Ni ﹥ Cr﹥ Pb ﹥ Co ﹥ Cd,and toxic heavy metals of Cd,Cr and Pb contents was low,the large range of changes,Cd content was always arranged countdown first.Research results indicated that bivalves in particular oyster shells can be served as an ideal biological marker for monitoring of Cr,Cd and Pb and other heavy metals in the marine environment.

关 键 词：牡蛎 壳体 重金属 含量 广东沿海海域 

分 类 号：S931.3[农业科学—渔业资源] X145[农业科学—水产科学]