PVC热稳定剂马来酸单十二酯钙/锌的制备及应用  

Preparation and Application of Calcium/Zinc Laurel Monomaleate Used as Thermal Stabilizers for PVC

作　　者：刘朋[1] 蒋剑春[1] 蒋平平 徐俊明[1] 陈洁[1] 李静[1] 夏海虹[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所,南京210042 [2]江南大学化学与材料工程学院,江苏无锡214122

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2015年第5期105-110,共6页Engineering Plastics Application

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(CAFINT2014C12);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD17B01-1)

摘　　要：在无需催化剂的条件下用马来酸酐与十二醇反应制得了马来酸单十二酯中间体,经过皂化反应和复分解反应制备了聚氯乙烯(PVC)用热稳定剂马来酸单十二酯钙/锌,利用紫外吸收光谱和傅立叶变换红外光谱对中间体和最终产物进行了验证;通过热老化烘箱法、刚果红法、电导率法对添加马来酸单十二酯钙/锌复配体系的PVC热稳定性能进行了系统评价,并在热稳定性能和力学性能方面与添加传统硬脂酸钙/锌的PVC进行了对比。结果表明,马来酸单十二酯钙/锌复配后表现出良好的协同热稳定作用,能够有效地抑制PVC试样的初期着色和降解,使PVC的热稳定时间大幅增加,延长了PVC开始释放HCl的时间;马来酸单十二酯钙/锌的最佳复配质量比为3∶1。与添加硬脂酸钙/锌复配体系的PVC相比,相同条件下添加马来酸单十二酯钙/锌复配体系的PVC热稳定性能更优,且拉伸性能相差不大,表明制备的马来酸单十二酯钙/锌可以取代传统硬脂酸钙/锌应用于PVC体系中。In order to obtain thermal stabilizer calcium / zinc Laurel monomaleate used in PVC system, maleic acid and Laurel alcohol were used to produce the intermediate Laurel monomaleate without catalyst, then, the Laurel monomaleate is reacted with sodium hydroxide, following the reaction with calcium / zinc chloride. The intermediate and final synthesized product were verified by UV and FTIR. The thermal stabilities of PVC in the presence of the calcium/zinc Laurel monomaleate were evaluated systematically by means of thermal aging oven test, Congo red test and conductivity test. Furthermore, the thermal stabilizing effect and mechanical properties of PVC added by calcium/zinc Laurel monomaleate were compared with those of PVC added by traditional calcium / zinc stearate. The results exhibit that the calcium / zinc Laurel monomaleate compound system enhances the thermal stability of PVC based on synergy effects. The degradation and coloring of PVC samples in the early thermal aging stages are effectively restrained, thermal stability time of the samples is dramatically increased and the time of beginning to release hydrogen chloride is prolonged, the best efficacy mass ratio of calcium Laurel monomaleate and zinc Laurel monomaleate is 3 ： 1, which has better stabilizing effect for PVC and similar effects on tensile properties of PVC compared with the traditional calcium/zinc stearate under the same conditions. In conclusion, the prepared calcium / zinc Laurel monomaleate can replace traditional calcium/zinc stearate products for being used in PVC system.

关 键 词：马来酸单十二酯钙/锌 PVC 热稳定剂 应用 

分 类 号：TQ314.24[化学工程—高聚物工业]