利用mtDNA序列及形态特征重新鉴定福建长乐搁浅喙鲸  

Using mt DNA sequences and morphological characters to re-identify stranded beaked whales in Fujian Province,China

作　　者：王丕烈[1] 姚秋如 韩家波[1] 马志强[1] 鹿志创[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省海洋水产科学研究院,辽宁省海洋生物资源和生态学重点实验室,大连116023 [2]台中自然科学博物馆,中国台中40453

出　　处：《兽类学报》2015年第2期211-223,共13页Acta Theriologica Sinica

基　　金：承福建省长乐市海洋与渔业局给予大力支持

摘　　要：中国大陆沿岸属大陆棚水域,常见的齿鲸物种以近岸型的海豚科（Delphinidae）、小抹香鲸科（Kogiidae）及鼠海豚科（Phocaenidae）动物为主（王丕烈,2012）,而喙鲸科（Ziphiidae）发现纪录相对较少,近年来仅由王丕烈等（2011）针对喙鲸科的中喙鲸属（Mesoplodon）标本进行检视校正,We reexamined two mysterious beaked whale specimens stranded in Changle city of Fujian Province for species identification based on mt DNA sequences and morphological characters. By using DNA sequence similarity,genetic distance comparisons,and phylogenetic reconstruction analysis,three species were identified based on mt DNA fragments of control region and cytochrome b gene of different skeletal elements. They were Mesoplodon ginkgodens,M. densirostris and Physeter macrocephalus. Among the skeletal elements,we found that mandibles of the two Mesoplodon specimens had been exchanged during specimen preparation. In addition,teeth of both Mesoplodon specimens were lost and two teeth located in the mandible of M. densirostris were identified as P. macrocephalus. After removing the Physeter teeth from the specimen and setting the mandibles to right positions,we describe the morphological characteristics of the two beaked whale skulls.Based on molecular evidence,skull characters and photos / videos of the two stranding events,we conclude that the Mesoplodon stranded in Jiuzhamen beach of Changle city on 28 th Sep. 2008 was a female M. densirostris,and the other one beached at Shiqikong,Wenwusha county,Changle city on 12 th Nov. 2008 was one male M. ginkgodens. Our study also confirmed the first record of M. ginkgodens in China's Mainland.

关 键 词：银杏齿中喙鲸 柏氏中喙鲸 线粒体DNA 控制区 细胞色素B基因 

分 类 号：Q958.2[生物学—动物学]