贵州山地森林公园地面生苔藓植物多样性  

Species Diversity of Ground Bryophytes in the Montane Forest of Guizhou Province

作　　者：谢斐[1] 杨再超[1,2] 左经会[1] 林长松[1] 向红[1] 廖雯[1] 

机构地区：[1]六盘水师范学院生命科学系,贵州六盘水553004 [2]复旦大学生物多样性科学研究所生物多样性与生态工程教育部重点实验室,上海200438

出　　处：《北方园艺》2015年第9期71-75,共5页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：贵州省教育厅自然科学基金资助项目(黔教科[2010]100号);贵州省科技厅科学技术基金资助项目(黔科合J字[2011]2185号);贵州省科学技术联合基金资助项目(黔科合J字LKLS[2013]11号);植物学校级教学团队资助项目(LPSSYjxtd201101);六盘水师范学院第二批重点学科建设资助项目(师院通字[2013]45号);六盘水市科技人才培养及创新团队建设计划资助项目(52020-2012-04-01-02);六盘水市市级重点实验室建设资助项目(52020-2013-1-050-2);贵州省植物学重点支持学科建设资助项目(黔学位合字ZDXK[2014]24号)

摘　　要：苔藓植物是构成山地森林地表覆被的重要组分之一,在生态系统生物多样性的维系等方面发挥着重要的生态功能。以贵州玉舍山地国家森林公园林下地面生苔藓为研究对象,研究了物种组成和分布特点。结果表明:该区拥有丰富的苔藓植物,共记录地面生苔藓植物137种(含变种和亚种),分属41科72属,优势科为青藓科、合叶苔科、灰藓科、提灯藓科、金发藓科、羽藓科、曲尾藓科和地萼苔科;地面不同基质上苔藓植物的物种丰富度和多样性指数值的大小顺序为:岩面>岩面薄土>土壤;苔藓生活型以交织型最多,占总种数的64.23%。区系地理成分分析结果显示该区苔藓植物以北温带成分、热带亚洲和东亚成分为主,分别占32.09%、24.63%、20.15%,反映了该区地面生苔藓植物区系具有温带与热带并重、东亚色彩浓厚的特征。通过与其他6个区域的苔藓植物区系进行比较,发现该区域苔藓植物区系丰富度高,与同为云贵区的贵州施秉、香纸沟、马岭河和云南罗平的苔藓区系亲缘关系最近。Bryophyte is one of important components in montane forest land cover, and it plays vital function in sustaining biodiversity and ecological processes. Taking ground bryophytes in the Montane Forest of Yushe National Forest Park in Guizhou mountainous area as the research object, the species composition and distribution characteristics of ground bryophytes were investigated. The results showed that a total of 137 species bryophytes （including varieties and subspecies） in 72 genera, 41 families were recorded, with Brachytheciaceae, Scapaniaceae, Hypnaceae, Mniaceae, Polytrichaceae,Thuidiaceae, Dicranaceae and Geocalycaceae predominating. Shannon-Wiener species diversity index of ground bryophytes order was rock〉thin-soil on rock〉soil on different ground substrates. The most species of life-form was wefts taking up 64. 23%of all ground bryophytes. The phytogegraphical elements were dominated by northern temperate elements （32. 09%）,tropic Asian elements （24. 63%） and eastern Asian elements （20. 15%）. Therefore,the bryophyte of this area was the characteristic of both the temperate and tropical elements with abundant eastern Asian elements. The results of comparison with other six sites showed that the species abundance of the Yushe National Forest Park was higher,and its bryophyte was most similar to Shibing,Xiangzhigou, Malinghe and Luoping areas in Yunnan- Guizhou Bryological Region.

关 键 词：苔藓植物 物种丰富度 地理成分 生长基质 生活型 

分 类 号：TU986.52[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]