桉叶提取物抗菌作用及主要挥发性成分的年度变化  

Annual changes of antibacterial activities and major volatile constituents in leaf extracts from eucalyptus

作　　者：陶奕[1,2,3] 殷梦 张皓冰[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病预防控制所 [2]世界卫生组织疟疾,血吸虫病和丝虫病合作中心 [3]卫生部寄生虫病原与媒介生物学重点实验室,上海200025 [4]上海医药高等专科学校,上海201318

出　　处：《中成药》2015年第5期1050-1055,共6页Chinese Traditional Patent Medicine

基　　金：国家国际科技合作专项(2010DFA33970);国家国际科技合作专项(2014DFA31130)

摘　　要：目的分析云南省临沧市永德县10年树龄赤桉、蓝桉和大叶桉的叶片提取物中挥发性成分的含有量变化情况,并研究其抑菌作用。方法连续12个月采摘3种桉叶片,阴干后分别用二氯甲烷和无水乙醇超声提取,对两提取物进行GC/MS分析,并用琼脂平板扩散法测定其抑菌活性。结果蓝桉含挥发性成分量最高,赤桉最低。无水乙醇桉叶提取物的抗菌活性均强于二氯甲烷桉叶提取物,对革兰氏阳性菌的抑制作用均强于对革兰氏阴性菌,但桉叶的主要成分1,8-桉叶油素抑菌活性很弱。结论同一月份3种桉叶提取物以及同一种桉叶不同月份提取物的挥发性成分含有量和抗菌活性均有差异,而且其抑菌成分可能与1,8-桉叶油素相关不大,需作进一步研究。AIM To analyze the content changes of volatile components in the leaf extracts from the 10-year- old eucalyptus （Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh, E. globulus Labill, and E. robusta Smith ） picked from Yong- de County, Lincang City, Yunnan Province, and to explore their antibacterial activities. METHODS For twelve consecutive months, three kinds of mature leaves were collected and dried in the shade and ultrasonically extracted with dichloromethane and absolute ethanol, respectively. The analyses of two extracts were performed on GC/MS, their antibacterial activities were measured by the agar disc diffusion method. RESULTS Of the volatile compo- nents contents, E. globulus was the most, and E. Camaldulensis was the least. The antibacterial activity of abso- lute ethanol extract of the eucalyptus was stronger than that of dichloromethane extract. The bacteriostatic activity of both dichloromethane and ethanol extracts against gram-positive bacteria were better than these extracts against gram-negative bacteria. But 1,8-eucalyptol,. one of the main components, presented poor bacteriostatic activity a- gainst both G- and G ＋ bacteria. CONCLUSION There are the differences in bacteriostatic activities of three species of eucalyptus leaf extracts in the same months, and the same leaves in various months. The activity has lit- tle connection with 1,8-eucalyptol. The further study is needed.

关 键 词：赤桉 蓝桉 大叶桉 革兰氏阳性菌 革兰氏阴性菌 抗菌作用 

分 类 号：R284.1[医药卫生—中药学]