砾间接触氧化法对白鹤溪低污染水体的净化效果  

Research on Purifying Lightly Contaminated Water in Baihe River by Gravel Contact Oxidization Process

作　　者：葛俊[1,2] 胡小贞[1] 庞燕[1] 黄天寅[2] 腾庆晓 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [2]苏州科技学院环境科学与工程学院,江苏苏州215000

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2015年第5期816-822,共7页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07105-003)

摘　　要：为研究生物膜技术在低污染水体净化中的应用前景,以洱海入湖河流——白鹤溪为研究对象,采用分段进水和分区曝气方式强化砾间接触氧化工艺的脱氮性能,探讨HRT(水力停留时间)、OA(曝气区和非曝气区容积比)对低污染水体中CODMn、NH4+-N、TN去除的影响.结果显示:1HRT对有机物去除效果影响较大,在HRT为0.8、1.5、2.5、3.5 h下,CODMn去除率平均值分别为14.7%、28.6%、42.7%、48.8%;而当HRT为2.5 h时为较佳运行工况,CODMn、NH4+-N、TN去除率平均值分别为42.7%、83.6%、31.6%.2OA对NH4+-N的去除影响不大,在OA为1∶1、1∶2、1∶3下,NH4+-N去除率平均值分别为86.7%、83.1%、80.5%;而当OA为1∶3时具有较佳的脱氮除碳效果,CODMn、NH4+-N、TN去除率平均值分别为42.2%、80.5%、40.2%.3在HRT为2.5 h、OA为1∶3下稳定运行15 d后,对生物膜样品的微生物群落结构分析表明,在装置后段有脱氮微生物的富集,其优势菌为Pseudomonas、Pantoe、Synechococcus、Chloroflexi bacterium.研究表明,砾间接触氧化工艺对低污染水具有较好的脱氮除碳效果.In order to study the biological membrane technique in the prospective application of lightly contaminated water purification, this study took Baihe River, the inflow river of Erhai Lake, as the research object, and used step-feeding and partition aeration to enhance denitrification performance using a Gravel Contact Oxidation Process. After obtaining mature biofilms, we discussed the effects of HRT （hydraulic retention time） and O/A （volumetric ratio of aeration zone and anoxic zone） on the removal efficiency for COD^o, NH4 ~ -N and TN. The results showed： 1 ） HRT greatly influenced the organic matter removal. When HRTs were 0.8, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 h, the corresponding average CODM,1 removal rates were 14.7% , 28.6% , 42. 7% and 48.8% , respectively, HRT was 2.5 h under a better operation condition; the average removal rates for CODMo, NH4 ＋ -N and TN were 42.7% , 83.6% and 31.6% , respectively. 2） O/A slightly influenced NH4 ＋ -N removal. When O/As were 1：1 , 1：2 and 1： 3, respectively, the corresponding average NH4 ＋ -N removal rates were 86.7% , 83. 1% and 80.5% , O/A at 1：3 had good carbon and nitrogen removal effects, with the average removal rates for CODMa NH4＋-N and TN being 42.2%, 80.5% and 40.2%. 3） After running the installation for 15 days under HRT---2.5 h and O/A--1：3, the microbial community structure in biofilms samples analysis shows that the rear section of the devices was enriched by denitrification microbes, and the dominant bacterium were Pseudomonas, Pantoe, Synechococcus and Chloroflexi bacterium. This study shows that the Gravel Contact Oxidation Process had a better removal effect on carbon and nitrogen in lightly contaminated water.

关 键 词：砾间接触氧化 低污染水 脱氮 微生物群落 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]