锂离子电池基础科学问题(XV)——总结和展望  

Fundamental scientific aspects of lithium ion batteries(XV)——Summary and outlook

作　　者：李泓[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院物理研究所,北京100190

出　　处：《储能科学与技术》2015年第3期306-318,共13页Energy Storage Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金杰出青年基金(51325206);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)(2012CB932900)项目

摘　　要：自摇椅式可充放锂电池概念由Armand M等人在1972年提出,锂离子电池的基础研究历经43年,在材料体系、电化学反应机理、热力学、动力学、结构演化、表界面反应、安全性、力学行为等方面不断取得更为深入广泛的认识,并最终推动锂离子电池技术发展和成功实现了商业化。锂离子电池面临着电池性能需要全面提升、应用领域需进一步拓宽的强劲需求,因此要求基础研究能够提供创新的、更好的技术解决方案,对锂离子电池材料复杂的构效关系能精确认识,对于电池在制造和服役过程中的失效机制有全面的理解,对各种控制策略的效果能提供可靠的科学依据。同时,锂离子电池的发展也在促进着固态电化学、固态离子学、能源材料、能源物理、纳米科学等交叉基础学科的发展。作为"锂离子电池基础科学问题"讲座的最后一篇文章,本文对锂离子电池基础研究的科学问题,存在的难点、发展趋势进行了总结。After the suggestion of ＂rocking chair rechargeable lithium battery＂ concept by Armand M at 1972, fundamental research on Li-ion batteries has passed 43 years. Deep and comprehensive understandings on materials, electrochemical reaction mechanism, thermodynamics and kinetics of lithium storage, structure evolution, surface and interface reactions, safety and mechanical properties have been achieved continuously, which promote the development of Li-ion batteries and lead to its commercialization. Currently, demandings on improving the performances and extending to broad applications are still very strong. Therefore, it is expected that basic research will be more helpful to provide better solutions, have more precise understandings on the relationship between properties and performances as well as the failure mechanism during fabrication and service, in addition to identify the effects of all creative strategies based on reliable scientific analysis. Moreover, the basic research on Li-ion batteries also enrich the knowledge of solid state electrochemistry, solid state ionics, energy materials, energy physics and nanoscience. As the last paper in this series, scientific problems, new tendency, difficulties, directions and tools for the fundamental research on lithium ion batteries are summarized briefly.

关 键 词：锂离子电池 基础科学问题 

分 类 号：O646.21[理学—物理化学]