微创经椎间孔植入物置入腰椎体间融合:螺钉位置不良及cage移位特点  

Minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion: characteristics of screw malposition and cage displacement

作　　者：陈晓涛[1] 谢守宁[1] 王凯[1] 

机构地区：[1]青海省人民医院骨科,青海省西宁市810000

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2015年第13期2057-2062,共6页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

摘　　要：背景:传统开放经椎间孔腰椎体间融合对椎旁软组织剥离范围较广,组织牵拉时间较长,创伤大,失血量多。微创经椎间孔腰椎体间融合可以减少或避免上述缺点,但也存在曲折的学习曲线过程,因此正确了解其并发症并及时预防具有积极的临床意义。目的:总结微创经椎间孔腰椎体间融合修复腰椎疾病的并发症,并探讨其防治策略。方法:于2008年5月至2012年5月采用微创经椎间孔腰椎体间融合修复腰椎疾病患者100例,所有患者均存在明显腰腿痛并经保守治疗6个月无效。其中腰椎管狭窄症42例,腰椎滑脱症31例,腰椎间盘突出伴侧隐窝狭窄症27例;L3/42例,L4/528例,L5/S150例,L3-L52例、L4-S118例。记录其相关并发症及处理方法。结果与结论:1例患者在处理椎间隙时,出现硬膜外出血量约为1 000 m L,给予输血,未出现并发症。共11枚螺钉置入后发现位置不良,占总螺钉数的2.5%(11/435),其中1例(1枚)螺钉的1/3直径在椎管内,并引起L5神经根性疼痛,再次手术后症状消失。2例置入后发现cage位置不良,占总cage的1.7%(2/120),2例患者均无临床症状,未处理。1例患者随访中发现cage移位,占总cage的0.8%(1/120),翻修2次痊愈,第1次采用重置cage,后出现再次移位;第2次采用后路腰椎间融合治愈。治疗后1个月内,2例患者肺动脉造影显示右肺动脉显影不良,诊断为肺栓塞,经碎栓及溶栓治疗,未出现死亡等不良后果。提示微创经椎间孔腰椎体间融合修复腰椎疾病为安全可靠并发症较低的方法之一。BACKGROUND：Traditional open surgical transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion often needs a broader dissection of the paraspinal soft tissue and longer stretch time of soft tissue, induces greater surgical trauma and more blood loss. Minimal y invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion （MIS-TLIF） may reduce or avoid these shortcomings. However, MIS-TLIF technique needs a process of learning curve. Correctly understanding the MIS-TLIF technique and dealing with their associated complications, have an important clinical significance. OBJECTIVE：To summarize the MIS-TLIF complications for treatment of lumbar disease, and explore the prevention and treatment strategies. METHODS：Between May 2008 and May 2012, 100 patients with lumbar disease were treated using MIS-TLIF. Al of patients had typical low back pain combined with leg pain, and were ineffective by conservative treatment for 6 months. There were lumbar spinal stenosis syndrome in 42 cases, lumbar spondylolisthesis in 31 cases, and lumbar disc herniation with lateral recess stenosis in 27 cases. The operative levels included L 3/4 in 2 patients, L 4/5 in 28 patients, L 5/S 1 in 50 patients, L 3-L 5 in 2 patients, and L 4-S 1 in 18 patients. The intraoperative and postoperative complications were recorded. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：One patient appeared extradural hemorrhage 1 000 mL and was given blood transfusion, no complications were found. Pedicle screw malposition was found in 11 pedicle screws （11/435, 2.5%）. Only one patient had new L 5 radicular pain due to impingement by the tip of a bicortical S 1 screw upon the lumbosacral trunk anterior to the sacrum. This screw was re-positioned at a subsequent procedure, with resolution of the radicular pain. Interbody cage malposition was found in 2 patients with 2 cages （2/120, 1.7%） after operations, they showed no clinical symptoms and were not treated. One patient with one cage （1/120, 0.8%） appeared cage displacement during fol ow-up, which required twice revision surgeries, one is cag

关 键 词：植入物 脊柱植入物 微创脊椎手术 经椎间孔腰椎体间融合 CAGE 相关并发症 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]