2003—2012年中国部分地区脑膜炎奈瑟菌体外抗生素敏感性分析  

Analysis on antibiotic susceptibility of Neisseria meningitidis isolates in China,2003-2012

作　　者：徐丽[1] 朱兵清[1] 徐征[1] 高源[1] 邵祝军[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所传染病预防控制国家重点实验室,北京102206

出　　处：《疾病监测》2015年第4期316-320,共5页Disease Surveillance

基　　金：国家重大科技专项(No.2013ZX10004221);科技部"973"课题(No.2011CB504900)~~

摘　　要：目的了解我国脑膜炎奈瑟菌对抗生素敏感性的变化趋势。方法对2003—2012年本研究室收集的脑膜炎奈瑟菌菌株,根据分离年份、血清群和来源(患者或健康携带者)选择487株,采用微量肉汤稀释法和E-test浓度梯度扩散法,对其进行体外12种抗生素敏感性检测和分析。结果所有菌株对头孢噻肟、头孢曲松、阿奇霉素、美洛培南、氯霉素和米诺环素均敏感;对青霉素和氨苄西林不敏感的菌株分别是4.9%(24/487)和3.5%(17/487),75.6%(368/487)的菌株对萘啶酸耐药,87.1%(424/487)对复方新诺明耐药,48.9%(238/487)对环丙沙星耐药。从2005年开始出现对环丙沙星耐药的菌株23.8%(24/101),从2006年开始出现对青霉素类药物不敏感菌株2.4%(2/82)。患者和健康携带者来源的菌株对萘啶酸、复方新诺明和环丙沙星3种药物显现不同的耐药率。结论我国流脑菌株对磺胺类和喹诺酮类药物具有较高的耐药性,对青霉素类药物不敏感的菌株也逐渐增多。这种耐药性与菌株分离年份、血清群和菌株来源具有相关性。Objective To understand the antibiotic susceptibility of Neisseria meningitidis strains isolated in China during 2003 -2012. Methods A total of 487 N. meningitidis isolates were selected from our laboratory collection according to the isolation year, serogroup and sources（patient or healthy carrier）. The susceptibilities of these strains to 12 antibiotics was tested by using broth microdilution susceptibility test and E-test according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute（CLSI） guidelines. Results All the N. meningitidis strains were sensitive to cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, azithromycin, meropenem, chloramphenicol and minocycline, and 4. 9% （24/487） and 3.5% （17/487） of the isolates were less sensitive to penicillin and ampicillin respectively. The resistant rates to nalidixic acid, cotrimoxazole and ciprofloxacin were 75.6% （368/487）, 87.1% （424/487） and 48. 9% （238/487） respectively. The ciprofloxacin-resistance was first detected in 2005 when the resistant isolates accounted for 23.8% （24/101） ; the strains with decreased sensitivity to penicillin were first detected in 2006（2.4%, 2/82）. The strains from patients and healthy carriers showed different resistance to nalidixic acid, cotrimoxazole and ciprofloxacin. Conclusion The N. meningitidis strains isolated in China from 2003 to 2012 were highly resistant to sulfonamides and quinolones, but they showed low resistance to penicillin. The resistance was associated with the isolation year, serogroup and sources of the isolates.

关 键 词：脑膜炎奈瑟菌 药敏 E-TEST 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]