海拔和播期对水稻Y58S生物学性状及产量的影响  

Effects of Altitude and Sowing Date on Yield and Biological Characters of Y58S

作　　者：张云[1] 涂建[1] 刘晓利[1] 黄平[1] 李华慧[1] 辜琼瑶[1] 卢义宣[1] 杨久[1] 陈忆昆[1] 奎丽梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,云南昆明650205

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2015年第2期465-470,共6页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云南省自然科学基金项目(2011FZ218);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-01-81)

摘　　要：在自然条件下,采用完全随机试验研究了不同海拔和播期对水稻光温敏核不育系Y58S生物学性状及产量构成因子的影响。结果表明,海拔对水稻光温敏核不育系Y58S的播始历期、实粒数、结实率和理论产量影响极显著(P<0.01),对穗长影响显著(P<0.05),而对株高、单株有效穗和总粒数影响不显著。播期对水稻光温敏核不育系Y58S的播始历期、穗长、实粒数、结实率和理论产量影响极显著(P<0.01),对单株有效穗和总粒数影响显著(P<0.05),而对株高影响不显著。海拔和播期两因子互作对光温敏核不育系Y58S的实粒数、结实率和理论产量影响极显著(P<0.01),对播始历期、株高和穗长影响显著(P<0.05),而对单株有效穗和总粒数影响不显著。不同海拔条件下Y58S的最适播期也存在差异,当海拔为1429和1532 m时,4月14日和24日播种,Y58S的理论产量高于4月4日和5月4日,而在海拔1631和1663 m时,Y58S的理论产量随播种时期的延迟而降低,4月4日则最适合播种。结果显示海拔、播期和二者的互作对水稻Y58S的生物学性状和理论产量有显著影响,在低海拔地区适当地延期播种和高海拔地区提前播种有利于其增产。Based on the natural conditions, completely random experiment was conducted to study the effect of different altitudes and sowing date on biological characters and yield of Y58S, which was Photoperied-Tcmperature sensitive genic male sterile line（PTGMS）. The results showed that the altitudes affected days from sowing to heading, solid spikclets, seed setting rate and theoretical yield significantly （P 〈0. 01）, and significantly affected on panicle length（P 〈0.05）, but did not significantly affect the plant height, effective panicle and total splkelets number of PTGMS Y58S. The sowing dates had strong effects on days from sowing to heading, panicle length, solid spikelets, seed setting rate and theoretical yield（P 〈0.01 ）, and had significant effects on effective panicle and total spikclcts （ P 〈0.05）, but had no significant effects on the plant height of PTGMS Y58S too. Besides, the interaction of altitudes and sowing dates had effects on solid spikelets, seed setting rate and theoretical yield very significantly （ P 〈 0. 01 ）, the days from sowing to heading, plant height and panicle length were significantly affected （ P 〈 0.05）, while the effective panicle and total spikelets were not significantly affected. The optimal sowing date of Y58S was different under different altitude conditions. At the elevations of 1429 m and 1532 m, sowing on April 14th and 24th, the theoretical yields of Y58S were higher than that sowing on April 4th and May 4th, while at the altitudes of 1631 m and 1663 m, the yield decreased with delayed sowing date, and April 4th was its most suitable sowing date. The results indicated that the altitudes, sowing dates and its inter- actions had significant effects on the biological characters and the theoretical yields of Y58S. For the low altitudes to delay sowing, and high altitudes to advance properly would benefit on its yield.

关 键 词：Y58S 光温敏核不育系 海拔 播期 生物学性状 产量 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]