寿险产品利润分布及寿险公司盈利周期的比较分析——基于不同地区财务报告准则的视角  

International Comparison of the Profit Distribution of Life Insurance Products and Earning Cycles of Life Insurance Companies——A Perspective of Financial Reporting Standards-based Liability Valuation

作　　者：郑苏晋[1] 刘跃 赵绰翔 

机构地区：[1]中央财经大学保险学院/中国精算研究院,北京100081 [2]中国平安财产保险股份有限公司精算部,广东深圳518001 [3]中央财经大学保险学院,北京100081

出　　处：《保险研究》2015年第4期3-21,共19页Insurance Studies

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(12JJD790017;13JJD790040);中央财经大学科研创新团队支持计划;教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(14YJC790118)资助

摘　　要：经济全球化背景下,保险财务报告准则的融合进程并非一帆风顺,负债评估差异是主要原因。本文梳理比较了中国、美国、加拿大、澳大利亚四国寿险财务报告准备金的评估方法,首先利用现金流方法模拟不同准则下产品利润释放模式,其次构造寿险公司盈利周期分析的概念框架,并模拟比较新开业公司的盈利周期。研究发现各国特色鲜明的负债计量方法、精算实务标准决定了利润释放模式和盈利周期,中国保险财务报告准备金评估方法体现了原则与规则结合的理念,其中双边际的设计效果初显,中等规模的寿险公司盈利周期适中,小规模寿险公司盈利周期长,原因在于产品结构不尽合理。最后,本文针对中国寿险业的负债评估方法提出了建议。Under the background of globalization,the process of integration of financial reporting standards among countries is not that smooth mainly because of discrepancies in liability valuation. The paper compared the liability valuation methods under life insurance financial reporting standards of China, the United States, Canada and Australia. It first simulated profit distribution modes under different standards using the cash flow model, and then constructed the analysis framework for earning cycles of insurance companies. It further simulated and compared earning cycles for newly-opened companies under different standards. The main finding was that the distinctive liability valuation methods of each country and the different actuarial practice standards fundamentally decided their profit distribution modes and earning cycles. For China, the current life insurance financial reporting standard reflected the concept of combining rules and principles. The double-margin design has showed initial effect and the earning cycle of medium-sized life insurance companies was reasonable. For the long earning cycles of some small life insurance companies, it was mainly due to their irrational product structure. Suggestions for liability valuation in the life insur- ance industry were provided at the end of the paper.

关 键 词：财务报告准则 负债评估 准备金 利润分布 盈利周期 

分 类 号：F233[经济管理—会计学]