连续三年夜间增温和施氮对云杉外生菌根及菌根真菌多样性的影响  

Effects of 3-year continuous night-time warming and nitrogen fertilization on ectomycorrhizae of Picea asperata and the ectomycorrhizal fungal diversity

作　　者：李月蛟 朱利英[1,3] 尹华军[1] 刘庆[1] 蒋先敏[4] 赵春章[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院成都生物研究所,中国科学院山地生态恢复与生物资源利用重点实验室,生态恢复与生物多样性保育四川省重点实验室,成都610041 [2]四川大学生命科学学院,成都610044 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]四川省阿坝州川西林业局,阿坝州623102

出　　处：《生态学报》2015年第9期2967-2977,共11页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(31100446)

摘　　要：以西南亚高山针叶林建群种粗枝云杉(Picea asperata)为研究对象,采用红外加热模拟增温结合外施氮肥(NH4NO325 g N m-2a-1)的方法,研究连续3a夜间增温和施肥对云杉幼苗外生菌根侵染率、土壤外生菌根真菌生物量及其群落多样性的影响。结果表明:夜间增温对云杉外生菌根侵染率的影响具有季节性及根级差异。夜间增温对春季(2011年5月)云杉1级根,夏季(2011年7月)和秋季(2010年10月)云杉2级根侵染率影响显著。除2011年7月1级根外,施氮对云杉1、2级根侵染率无显著影响。夜间增温对土壤中外生菌根真菌的生物量和群落多样性无显著影响,施氮及增温与施氮联合处理使土壤中外生菌根真菌生物量显著降低,但却提高了外生菌根真菌群落的多样性。这说明云杉幼苗外生菌根侵染率对温度较敏感,土壤外生菌根真菌生物量及其群落多样性对施氮较敏感。这为进一步研究该区域亚高山针叶林地下过程对全球气候变化的响应机制提供了科学依据。Global climate changes have become hot topics in ecological research filed in last decade. Picea asperata,the constructive species of the Southwest subalpine coniferous forest which is well known for its sensitivity to climate changes in China,is a typical ectomycorrhizal species. Ectomycorrhizal fungi play an important role in the forest system by enhancing the ability of host trees which form ectomycorrhizal symbionts with them to uptake nutrient and water,promoting seedling establishment and improving nutrient cycling in the forest by the mycorrhizal networks belowground. Many scientists havealready studied the effects of warming and nitrogen deposition on Picea asperata＇s physiology and phenological phenomenon.But how ectomycorrhizal symbionts and ectomycorrhizal fungal community associated with Picea asperata respond to warming and nitrogen deposition in this area is lack of research. To simulate the effects of warming and nitrogen deposition,we conducted an experiment with the infrared radiator and NH4NO325 g N m-2a-1fertilizing. And we evaluated the effects of3-year continuous night-time warming and nitrogen fertilization on the ectomycorrhizal colonization rate of Picea asperata seedlings,soil ectomycorrhizal fungal biomass and the diversity of soil ectomycorrhizal fungal community. The experimental results clearly showed that the effects of night-time warming on the ectomycorrhizal colonization rate were varied seasonally in different root orders. In spring（ May,2011） night-time warming significantly affected the ectomycorrhizal colonization of first-order roots,however,in summer（ July,2011） and autumn（ Oct,2010） the ectomycorrhizal colonization rate of second-order roots were changed significantly. Nitrogen fertilization didn＇ t dramatically affect the ectomycorrhizal colonization rate of first-order and second-order roots except for the colonization rate of first-order roots in July 2011. There were no significant effects of night-time warming on soil ectomycorrhizal fungal biomass and

关 键 词：云杉 外生菌根 侵染率 群落多样性 

分 类 号：S791.18[农业科学—林木遗传育种]