聚丙烯腈/天然沙粒复合材料的制备及FAAS分析其对Pb(Ⅱ)吸附性  

Preparation of Polyacrylonitrile/Natural Sand Composite Materials and Analysis of Adsorption Properties of Pb(Ⅱ) on It by FAAS

作　　者：买迪娜木·阿不都瓦依提[1] 司马义·努尔拉[1] 肖开提·阿布力孜[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆大学石油天然气精细化工教育部和自治区重点实验室、化学化工学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830046

出　　处：《光谱学与光谱分析》2015年第2期539-542,共4页Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis

基　　金：新疆大学石油天然气精细化工教育部和自治区重点实验室基金项目(XJDX0908-2011-08);新疆大学博士启动基金项目(BS110117);国家自然科学基金项目(21064009)资助

摘　　要：以γ-氯丙基三氯硅烷为架桥剂修饰天然沙粒表面使沙粒表面引入架桥基团,然后其为支撑体,以丙烯腈为功能单体、偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂、二乙烯苯即为骨架单体又为交联剂,制备了聚丙烯腈接枝于天然沙粒表面的聚丙烯腈/天然沙粒复合材料(简称复合材料)并通过红外光谱和扫描电镜对复合材料进行表征;红外光谱图中均有分别来自沙粒、功能单体和交联剂的硅羟基、腈基和苯环的特征吸收峰,在复合材料切面扫描电镜图中出现具有不同致密度的两相及其紧密结合体,证明得到了二乙烯苯交联聚丙烯腈/天然沙粒复合材料;然后,复合材料为填充物制备了分离富集微柱,将微柱与火焰原子吸收法(FAAS)联用,以FAAS为检测手段,采用动态吸附,观察了复合材料对有毒重金属离子的吸附性,结果表明,其对Pb2+的吸附远远大于对其他重金属离子的吸附,因此,主要研究了复合材料对Pb2+吸附性;在室温下,溶液pH和上样流速分别为5.4和4mL·min-1时,复合材料对Pb2+的饱和吸附容量可达到62.9mg·g-1;以0.5mol·L-1盐酸溶液作为解吸剂对吸留在复合材料中的铅离子进行解吸,解吸液流速为6mL·min-1时解吸率可达96%。Surfaces of natural sand particles were modified with （3-chloropropyl） trichlorosilane, so that bridging groups were introduced on the surfaces of natural sand particles; By grafting polyacrylonitrile onto the modified surfaces of the natural sand particles, a novel polyacrylonitrile/natural sand composite material was prepared from the acrylonitrile, the azobisisobutyroni- trile, the divinylbenzene and the modified natural sand particles, which are as functional monomer, initiator, either skeleton monomer or cross-linking agent and carrier respectively~ the composite materials were characterized by using infrared spectrosco- py and scanning electron microscopy; On the FTIR spectrum, the main characteristic peaks of various functional groups inclu- ding nitrile, benzene ring, and silicon hydroxyl, which were from functional monomer, cross-linking agent and carrier respective- ly, were observed. On the SEM, two different cross section morphologies having different density which were from acrylonitrile and modified sand particles were observed; This proved that the polyacrylonitrile was decorated on modified sand particles during our preparation process. After preparing the composite materials, micro-column of separation and preconcentration was prepared using the composite materials as filler; the adsorption of some toxic heavy metal ions onto the composite materials was observed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry （FAAS） ; The results show that the adsorption of Pb2＋ onto the composite materials was more stronger than the absorption of other toxic heavy metal ions, therefore, in this paper, the adsorption of Pbz＋ onto the composite materials was mainly studied,at room temperature, when pH and flow rate of solution were 5.4 and 4 mL · min-1 re- spectively, the trace Pb（ Ⅱ ） ions could be quantitatively adsorbed onto the composite materials; the maximum adsorption capaci- ty o{ Ph（ Ⅱ ） on the composite materials can reach 62, 9 nag · g-1. the column was eluted by 0.5 tool · L-1 HCI an

关 键 词：聚丙烯腈/天然沙粒复合材料 铅离子 火焰原子吸收光谱法 吸附 

分 类 号：O657.3[理学—分析化学]