气温对汉中飞播油松成苗效果的影响  

Influence of Atmospheric Temperature on Effective Grown-up Seedling of Pinus tabulaeformis for Aerial Seeding in Hanzhong

作　　者：童开林[1] 王锁怀 韩崇选[3] 李建春 

机构地区：[1]杨凌职业技术学院,陕西杨陵712100 [2]陕西省林业调查规划院,陕西西安710082 [3]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨陵712100 [4]陕西省飞机播种造林工作站,陕西西安710082

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2015年第3期113-119,共7页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：国家林业公益性行业专项(201404405);国家林业局重点项目(2012-02)

摘　　要：气温是林业气候资源的重要气象指标。研究气温年际和月际变化与飞播成苗效果的关系,是科学制定飞播造林方案和合理评价RPA拌种飞播效果的前提。为此,在汉中降水量与飞播油松成苗效果关系研究的基础上,利用1997年汉中飞播油松成苗期有苗样方频度和成苗量调查数据,采用相关分析法和逐步回归模型分析法研究了成苗效果与温度的关系,并通过与降水量研究对比分析,探讨了温度和降水量匹配协调作用对成苗效果的影响。结果表明,油松飞播成苗效果与年均温和年降水量呈正相关,与年极端低温度和最高温度均呈负相关。与降水量相同,成苗效果不仅取决于年均温度,也与各月的均温密切相关。秋冬季节,成苗效果除与1月均温呈极显著负相关外,与其他各月呈正相关;而与各月降水量呈负相关。春季,与3月和5月均温呈显著或极显著负相关,与4月均温极显著正相关;而与各月降水量呈极显著正相关。夏季,与6月和7月均温呈显著或极显著负相关,与8月均温呈极显著正相关;而与6月降水量显著负相关,与8月和9月降水量呈极显著正相关。其中,4月均温对成苗效果作用最强,5月降水量对对照成苗效果和RPA成苗量作用最大,7月降水量对RPA有苗样方频度贡献率较高。使用RPA拌种能提高飞播油松对林地水热资源的利用率。Air temperature is the main meteorological index, and also an important element of forestry climatic resources. The relationship between the annual and monthly variations of temperature and effective grown-up seedling after the aerial seeding is the prerequisite to scientific development plan of afforestation by aerial seeding and to rational evaluation of the application effect of RPA. Based on the study of the relationship between precipitation and effective grown-up seedling for Pinus tabulaeformis after the aerial seeding in Hanzhong, by using the data of the frequentness of sample plots with available seedling and the quantity of available seedling of P. tabulaeformis during grown-up seedling period in 1997 after aerial seeding, the correlation analysis method and the stepwise regression model analysis method were adopted to analyze the relationship between seedling effect and temperature. The influence of coordinating function between temperature and precipitation on seedling effect was examined. The results showed that there was a positive correlation between the effective grown-up seedling and annual mean temperature and annual precipitation. The effective grown up seedling not only depended on the annual mean temperature, but was also closely related to the monthly mean temperature. In fall and winter seasons, effective grown-up seedling was significantly negatively correlated with the mean temperature in January, had a positive correlation in other months, but negatively correlated with precipitation. In spring, there were significantly or highly significantly negative correlation between the effective grown-up seedling and mean temperature in March and May, and the highly significantly positive correlation with the mean temperature in April, but were highly significantly positive correlated to monthly precipitation. In summer, there were significantly or very significantly negative correlation with average temperature in June and July, were positively correlated with precipitation in August, and signif

关 键 词：飞播造林 温度 油松 多效抗旱驱鼠剂 成苗效果 

分 类 号：S791.254[农业科学—林木遗传育种]