北京市老年人群中肌少症及其相关指标的现患特征  

Epidemiologic features of sarcopenia and its related indexes in elderly population in Beijing

作　　者：曾平[1] 吴司南[1] 韩怡文[1] 宫环[2] 庞婧[2] 张延[2] 张恩毅[2] 张毅[1] 张铁梅[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京医院老年医学研究所流行病室,100730 [2]北京医院老年医学研究所细胞研究室,100730

出　　处：《中华老年医学杂志》2015年第5期478-482,共5页Chinese Journal of Geriatrics

基　　金：卫生部卫生行业科研专项基金（201002011,201302008）

摘　　要：目的了解北京市老年人群中肌少症及其相关指标的现患特征。方法采用横断面调查的方法，用标准问卷询问相关信息，内容包括人口学资料、现患史、生活习惯等信息。应用生物电阻抗仪测量肌肉质量，6m直线平常步行速度即步速来表示肌肉功能，用握力器测量握力来表示肌力。结果肌肉质量随增龄下降（F=6．77、P：0．001），城市老年人肌肉质量低于农村（t=4．32、P=0．038）；肌力和步速也随增龄下降（F=7．62、15．79，p=0．0005、0．000），以女性和农村老年人更加明显。Logistic回归分析结果显示，年龄增加、女性握力降低的发生风险高（OR=1．13、1．92，均Pd0．05），而城市老年人握力降低的发生风险低（OR=0．10，P〈0．05）；年龄增加、体质指数（BMI）值高、生活无规律的老年人步速降低的发生风险高（OR=1．12、1．25、2．77，均P〈O．05），城市老年人、经常进行体育锻炼、有兴趣爱好者步速降低的发生风险低（OR=0．08、0．27、0．1l，均P〈0．05）。结论肌少症相关指标存在明显的增龄趋势和人群差异，积极、健康的生活方式有助于维护老年人躯体功能。Objective To investigate the epidemiologic features of sarcopenia and its related indexes in elderly population in Beijing. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted by interviewing the elderly population in Beijing with the standard questionnaire including demographic information, history of diseases, lifestyle,etc. Body muscle mass was measured by using a bioelectrical impedance analyzer （BIA）. Physical function was evaluated bythe subjects＇ 6-m gait speed （GS）, and muscle strength was determined by handgrip strength （HS）. Results Muscle mass declined with aging in the elderly （F=6.77, P=0. 001）, and the elderly had less muscle mass in the urban than in the rural （ t=4.32, P=0. 038）. HS and GS significantly declined with aging（ F=7.62 and 15.79, P= 0. 0005 and 0. 000）, especially in females and the rural elderly. Logistic regression showed that aging and female were associated with the high risk of HS decline （OR=1. 13,1.92, both P〈0.05）, while the urban elderly had lower risk of HS decline （OR=0. 10, P〈0.05）. Aging, high body mass index, irregular lifestyle were positively related to GS decline（OR= 1.12,1.25 and 2.77 respectively, all P〈 0.05）. The risk of GS decline was lower in the urban elderly having physical activity and hobbies （OR=0.08,0.27 and 0.11 respectively, all P〈 0.05 ）. Conclusions Sarcopenia related indexes are significantly associated with aging and have population-specific difference. Positive and healthy lifestyle contributes to maintain muscle function in the elderly.

关 键 词：肌疾病 握力 

分 类 号：R685[医药卫生—骨科学]