福建省明溪县农地土壤重金属的空间分异和潜在生态风险评价  

Spatial variation,ecological risk and environmental pollution assessment of heavy metal of farmland soil in Mingxi County of Fujian Province

作　　者：康智明[1] 王彬[1] 祝文烽[1,2] 王松良[1] Claude Caldwell 王建明[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学作物科学学院,福建福州350002 [2]加拿大戴尔豪西大学农学院

出　　处：《福建农林大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第2期212-218,共7页Journal of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30571138);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划资助项目(201310389002)

摘　　要：以福建省明溪县农地土壤为研究对象,采集耕层土壤(0-20 cm)样品88个,测定其Cd、Cu和Pb等3种重金属元素含量;利用Arc GIS软件分析其农地土壤重金属空间变异特征;采用Hakanson潜在生态危险指数法评价研究区域农地土壤重金属潜在生态风险与环境污染.结果表明:研究区域土壤重金属Cd、Cu和Pb平均含量分别为0.0119、13.9606和6.8480mg·kg-1,均未超过国家土壤环境质量二级标准.Cd、Cu和Pb等3种重金属含量变异系数为22%-386%,大小排列顺序为Cd>Pb>Cu;在空间分异上,Cd和Pb元素的空间相关性较强,Cu元素的空间相关性较弱;Cd的高含量区集中于瀚仙镇北部和城关乡东北部,Cu的高含量区位于枫溪、夏坊二乡和盖洋、瀚仙镇,Pb的高含量区则分布在雪峰镇和城关乡以北地带及沙溪乡东部.研究区域中98.86%的样本为低度等级的重金属潜在生态风险(RI平均值为11.03);在生态风险等级分布上,瀚仙镇东北部的重金属潜在生态风险等级较高.The spatial variation of heavy metal in farmland soils was determined, and their potential ecological risk and environmen- tal pollution were assessed. 88 top soil samples were collected from Mingxi County of Fujian Province for analyzing the concentra- tiorm of three heavy metals （ Cd, Cu and Pb） in the soils, the methods of Hakanson potential ecological risk index were used in the assessment. The results showed that the average concentrations of Cd, Cu and Pb were 0.0119, 13.9606 and 6.8480 mg· kg - 1, re- spectively. According to the level Ⅱ of China Soil Environment Quality Standard, all the concentrations of Cd, Cu and Pb met the requirement of environment quality standard. Three heavy metal variation coefficient were from 22% to 386%, and the variation co- efficients were in the order of Cd 〉 Pb 〉 Cu. The spatial relevance of Cd and Cu was quite significant, while the spatial relevance of Pb was weak. The content of Cd was high in northern Hanxian Town and northeastern Chengguan Town; the high content of Cu loca- ted in Fengxi Town, Xiafang Town, Gaiyang Town and Hanxian Town. The content of Pb was high located in northern Xuefeng Town, Chengguan Town, and eastern Shaxi Town. About 98.86% of the total samples reached low level of the potential ecological risk of heavy metals and the overall potential ecological risk remained low （RI= 11.03 ）. Risk probability map demonstrated that the area around northern Hanxian Town was in highly risky.

关 键 词：地理信息系统(GIS) 重金属 生态风险 福建省明溪县 

分 类 号：X825[环境科学与工程—环境工程]