一种基于资源预分配的虚拟机软实时调度方法  

A novel soft real-time VM scheduling algorithm based on resource pre-allocation

作　　者：丁晓波[1,2] 马中[1,3] 戴新发[3] 黄伟华[3] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工程大学计算机科学与技术学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [2]三峡大学计算机与信息学院,湖北宜昌443002 [3]武汉数字工程研究所,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《计算机工程与科学》2015年第5期865-872,共8页Computer Engineering & Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(61174177)

摘　　要：虚拟机技术作为云计算的重要技术之一,近年来得到广泛关注,但是由于虚拟机管理层的存在,导致语义鸿沟,使得实时应用程序、并发程序等在虚拟机上的运行性能受到影响。分析和研究了Xen虚拟机管理器的Credit调度算法,针对其在并发调度和软实时调度方面存在的不足,提出了改进调度算法,实现了算法的调度器原型。新的调度算法对软实时虚拟机进行Credit比例预分配,采用动态调度时间片机制,以non-work-conserving方式实现软实时任务周期调度,保障调度周期满足运行周期要求。通过区分并发和非并发软实时虚拟机,采取不同的调度策略,在满足资源利用率的基础上,确保实时任务的顺利运行。测试结果表明,该调度算法在对并发和非并发软实时任务调度上,具有良好的表现,较好满足了软实时应用调度需求。As one of the most important technology of cloud computing, virtual machine （VM） tech- nology has attracted considerable attention in recent years. But the virtual machine monitor（VMM） im- pacts the performance of real-time applications and parallel applications due to semantic gap. In this pa- per we analyze the Credit scheduler of Xen VMM, propose a novel soft real-time scheduling algorithm based on the Credit, and implement a scheduler prototype base on the new algorithm, which can satisfy the requirements of the soft real-time VM scheduling. In this new scheduling algorithm the Credit is pre- allocated to the soft real-time VMs according to the occupation rate of the CPU, and the scheduler a- dopts the dynamic time slice scheduling mechanism and works in non-work-conserving mode to realize soft real-time scheduling so as to guarantee that the scheduling period meets the requirements. Distin- guishing the parallel and the non-parallel VMs and using different strategies ensure the execution of real- time tasks as well as meet the requirement of resource utilization. Test results show that the new algo- rithm has good performance in scheduling both parallel and non-parallel soft real-time tasks and hence meets the requirements of soft real-time application scheduling.

关 键 词：软实时虚拟机 调度算法 XEN Credit比例预分配 

分 类 号：TP301[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]