西北民族人口的纵向变动与族际差异(2000~2010)——人口变迁与社会治理创新研究  

Diachronic Changes and Synchronic Diversities of Nationality Population in Northwest China(2000-2010)——Demographic Change and Social Administion Inovations

作　　者：马忠才[1] 郝苏民[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北民族大学,甘肃兰州730030

出　　处：《青海民族研究》2015年第2期59-64,共6页Qinghai Journal of Ethnology

基　　金：国家社科基金项目<西北民族地区的社会分化与和谐发展研究>(批准号:08XMZ011);国家民委民族问题研究项目<西部劳动力市场民族分层研究>(批准号:2014GM088)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：基于人口普查数据,本文对西北民族人口的纵向变动与横向差异进行了全面透视。研究发现,十年间,西北民族人口的结构和质量都有优化或提升的趋势,但与理想状态仍有差距。从人口结构的角度看,2010年时西北少数民族人口的老龄化趋势初显,加之少儿人口比重高,导致总抚养比过大。从人口质量看,一些民族的文盲率还比较高;有些民族的农业人口比重偏高,超过80%,而白领人口比重过小,不足3%;部分少数民族的健康水平还不尽人意。从族际差异看,各族人口的质量还存在较大的差距。上述人口问题会成为制约民族社会发展的羁绊,因而,创新社会治理政策,优化人口结构,提高人口质量,力促各民族均衡发展,是西北民族社会治理创新的着力点之一。Based on Population Census datum, this article takes a full-scale observation of northwest nationality population＇s diachronic changes and synchronic diversities. From a demographic structure view, northwest nationality population has the feature of high children＇s rates, obvious aging trend, large dependency ratio, heavy population burden which do harm to the improvement of population quality. From a population quality point, some nationalities has high illiteracy rates and small proportion of highly educated personnel, meantime some other nationalities has high proportion of agricultural population which already over 80% while with lower proportion of white-collar population which less than 3%, besides, the health status of minority is also disappointing. From Ethnic differences point, there is a larger gap between the qualities of population of all nationalities. The population problems have become the obstacle of national and social development, thus, the northwest national society administration innovation should pay more attention to make social administration innovation policies, optimize the population structure and promote balanced development of all nationalities population.

关 键 词：西北 人口 纵向变动 横向差异 治理创新 

分 类 号：C958[社会学—民族学]