柳厚壁叶蜂对乌鲁木齐市柳树的危害及其空间分布特征  

Occurrence and the spatial distribution status of Pontania bridgmannii Cameron in Urumqi City,Xinjiang,China

作　　者：阿衣巴提.托列吾 马德英[1] 庞晓燕[1] 阿地力.沙塔尔 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学农学院农林有害生物监测与安全防控重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]乌鲁木齐市农产品质量安全检测中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830000 [3]新疆农业大学林学与园艺学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《生物安全学报》2015年第1期9-14,共6页Journal of biosafety

基　　金：新疆科技厅计划项目(201130102-3);自治区重点学科森林培育资助

摘　　要：【背景】柳厚壁叶蜂是一种严重为害柳树的害虫,会造成叶片提早枯黄、脱落,虫瘿成串,叶片扭曲变形,严重影响柳树的生长发育和园林景观效果。【方法】通过体视显微镜观察了柳厚壁叶蜂雌雄成虫、卵、幼虫、蛹及虫瘿的形态特征,并调查了乌鲁木齐市不同区域各种柳树上柳厚壁叶蜂的危害率及空间分布特征。【结果】垂柳和龙爪柳受害最严重,受害株率达到100%;其次是旱柳,受害株率52.63%;该蜂对白柳及馒头柳没有危害。柳树冠不同方向和上、中、下不同部位受害率无显著性差异。每片叶通常有1-3个虫瘿,串珠状分布,每个虫瘿中有1头幼虫,幼虫在枝条上的分布格局为聚集分布。不同区域垂柳受害率调查表明,新疆农业大学柳树枝条受害率最高,达8.65%;其次是新疆大学洪湖,枝条受害率为5.19%;然后依次是儿童公园、西公园、植物园、水上乐园、红山公园、水磨沟公园。【结论与意义】本研究为柳厚壁叶蜂的预防控制提供了依据。[Background] Pontania bridgmannii Cameron infests willow and causes premature leaf yellowing and dropping, insect galls and leaf distortion.It severely affects the growth and landscape effect of willow trees.[Method] The damage and the spatial dis-tribution of P.bridgmannii were studied at different locations in Urumqi, and the morphology of P.brdi gman ii was observed by u-sing stereo-microscope.[Result] Salix babylonica L.and S.matsuad na Koidz. L.matus dana f.t ortuosa （ Vilm.）Rehd .were the most sensitive, the observed damage reaching almost 100%, followed by S.matsudana Koidz., （52.6%of trees damaged）, whereas S .alba L.and S.matsudana Koidz.L.matsudana f.umbrca ulifera Rehd.did not suffer any harm.There were no significant differ-ences by tree orientations and the top, middle as well as lower parts on the crowns of S.babylonica were equally sensitive.Normally, there were 1-3 galls on each blade, with 1 larva per gall.The spatial distribution pattern of larvae was aggregated on twigs.Accord-ing to the damage rate on S.babylonica in different locations, damage was highest at Xinjiang Agricultural University （8.65%）, fol-lowed by trees at Honghu in Xinjiang University （5.19%）.Trees in the Children′s Park, Western Park, Botanical Garden, Water Park, Hongshan Park, and Shuimogou Park suffered gradually less damage.[Conclusion and significance] It provided scientific ba-sis for the prevention and control of the pest.

关 键 词：柳厚壁叶蜂 柳树 危害 空间分布 乌鲁木齐市 

分 类 号：S763.7[农业科学—森林保护学]