近30年滇西北高原湖泊海菜花(Ottelia acuminata)群落变化  

Changes of Ottelia acuminata communities in the lakes of northwestern Yunnan Plateau over the past three decades

作　　者：李宁云[1,2] 田昆 陈玉惠[4] 刘朝蓬[3] 李靖[4] 敖新宇[4] 雷然[4] 

机构地区：[1]云南省林业科学院,昆明650201 [2]云南大学,昆明650091 [3]国家高原湿地研究中心,昆明650224 [4]西南林业大学,昆明650224

出　　处：《湖泊科学》2015年第3期401-406,共6页Journal of Lake Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U0933601,40971285);国家重点基础研究发展计划“973”项目(2010CB434807);云南省应用基础研究计划面上项目(2011FB130)联合资助

摘　　要：采用对比研究法,研究了近30年来滇西北洱海、茈碧湖、剑湖、拉市海和泸沽湖5个高原湖泊海菜花(Ottelia acuminata)群落的变化,结果表明:与1980年相比,天然海菜花群落仅在泸沽湖和剑湖有分布.现时海菜花群落物种数增加,泸沽湖海菜花群落物种数由1980年的7种增至2008年的10种,剑湖海菜花群落物种数由1980年的6种增至2011年的12种.群落生活型构成变得复杂,泸沽湖海菜花群落由沉水植物和漂浮植物构成向沉水植物、浮叶植物和漂浮植物构成变化;剑湖海菜花群落由单一沉水植物构成向沉水植物、浮叶植物、漂浮植物和湿生植物构成变化.两湖海菜花群落物种组成均发生更替,但泸沽湖海菜花群落物种组成与30年前相似度较高,群落保存相对较好;剑湖海菜花群落物种组成则与30年前相似度较低,群落变化大.Comparative studies were carried out to study the distribution, species and life-forms composition of Ottelia acuminata communities over the past three decades. Results showed that in comparison to year 1980：1） Ottelia acuminata communities are only found in Lake Luguhu and Lake Jianhu nowadays. 2） Species composition has been changed, e. g. the total number of spe-cies in Lake Luguhu increased from 7 to 10 during 1980 and 2008. Similarly, the total number of species in Lake Jianhu increased from 6 to 12 during 1980 and 2011. 3） Life-forms composition has become more complex. The submerged-floating life-form system has developed to a submerged-floating-leaved-floating life-form system in Lake Luguhu, whereas the submerged life-form system has developed to a submerged-floating-leaved-floating-hygrophyte life-form system in Lake Jianhu. 4） The replacement of species oc-curred at the level of family, genus and species, and the changes in Lake Jianhu were dramatic. By contrast, there were no much changes in Lake Luguhu.

关 键 词：海菜花群落 物种更替 群落相似度 高原湖泊 

分 类 号：Q948.8[生物学—植物学]