ATRP大分子引发剂的合成及应用  

Synthesis and Applications of ATRP Macromolecular Initiator

作　　者：牟思阳 郭静[1] 于春芳[1] 宫玉梅[1] 张森[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连工业大学纺织与材料工程学院,大连116034

出　　处：《化学进展》2015年第5期539-549,共11页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.51373027)资助~~

摘　　要：原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)是一种新型的可控/活性聚合技术,现已广泛应用于聚合物分子结构设计、无机材料表面修饰、蛋白质检测以及生物大分子的分离和杀菌防污等。在此类反应过程中涉及的三大要素:单体、引发体系(引发剂、催化剂、配位剂)及反应介质,其中核心要素为ATRP引发剂,其结构与性质是ATRP反应成败的决定因素之一。本文在综述了小分子引发剂的种类与性质及ATRP的反应机理的基础上,着重综述了近年来官能团反应法、偶联反应法及自由基聚合法制备ATRP大分子引发剂的最新进展。同时还综述了大分子引发剂通过ATRP反应在聚合物结构设计中的应用,以及对无机材料和生物材料的表面修饰的最新进展,最后对ATRP引发体系的未来发展与应用进行了展望。Atom transfer radical polymerization （ATRP） , as a new type of controllable/living polymerization reaction, has been applied in many fields widely, such as the structure design of the polymer, the surface modification of inorganic materials, protein detection, biopolymer separation, antibacterial and antifouling, etc. Three major factors are involved in the reaction process： monomer, initiator system （initiator, catalyst, complexant）, and reaction medium, the core element of which is the choice of ATRP initiator. The microstructure and performance of the initiator are the key factors for the ATRP reaction. In this paper, we firstly introduce the types and properties of the micromolecule initiator and the reaction mechanism of the ATRP briefly. Then,we emphatically summarize the latest advances about the preparation methods of the ATRP macromolecular initiator in recent years, such as functional group reaction, coupling reaction and free radical polymerization. Moreover, we also review the latest application of the macromolecular initiator through ATRP reaction in the structure design of the polymer, the surface modification of inorganic materials and biological materials. Finally, an outlook for the prospective development of the ATRP initiator system is given.

关 键 词：原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP) 大分子引发 分子设计 表面修饰 

分 类 号：O631.5[理学—高分子化学]