A novel subsidence monitoring technique based on space-surface bistatic differential interferometry using GNSS as transmitters  

作　　者：ZENG Tao ZHANG Tian TIAN WeiMing HU Cheng 

机构地区：[1]Beijing Key Laboratory of Embedded Real-time Information Processing Technology [2]Radar Research Laboratory, School of Information and Electronics,Beijing Institute of Technology

出　　处：《Science China(Information Sciences)》2015年第6期64-79,共16页中国科学（信息科学）（英文版）

基　　金：supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61120106004,61427802,61225005);Chang Jiang Scholars Program(Grant No.T2012122);111 Project of China(Grant No.B14010)

摘　　要：Synthetic Aperture Radar Differential ]nterferometry （DInSAR） technique is an effective tool with large coverage and high spatial accuracy for subsidence monitoring. Nevertheless, the temporal resolution is usually poor so that rapid deformation cannot be measured due to the long revisit time of radar satellites. Bistatic SAR Differential Interferometry technique using Global Navigation Satellite System （GNSS） as illumi- nator has a shorter revisit time, whereas the measurement accuracy is constrained by low signal power, narrow bandwidth and atmospheric delay error. To cope with these problems, in this paper, we propose a novel sub- sidence monitoring technique based on Space-Surface bistatic Differential Interferometry （SS-DI） with GNSS transmitters, where two stations consist of a reference one and a measurement one that are deployed on the ground. First, we applied a space differential processing between two stations to cancel identical errors such as tropospheric and ionospheric errors etc. Then we used a long time coherent integration to improve the signal noise ratio. Subsequently, we also utilized a time differential processing to construct double differential equations with respect to unknown deformation variables. Finally, we solved the equations to obtain a highly accurate estimation of three dimension deformation. Furthermore, an SS-DI experiment using Beidou-2 as transmitters was carried out to validate the proposed method, where a high accuracy （0.01 mm） device was utilized to simulate subsidence deformation. The experimental results reveal that the proposed method has better performance of spatial measurement accuracy of 0.53 mm compared with differential GPS method.Synthetic Aperture Radar Differential ]nterferometry （DInSAR） technique is an effective tool with large coverage and high spatial accuracy for subsidence monitoring. Nevertheless, the temporal resolution is usually poor so that rapid deformation cannot be measured due to the long revisit time of radar satellites. Bistatic SAR Differential Interferometry technique using Global Navigation Satellite System （GNSS） as illumi- nator has a shorter revisit time, whereas the measurement accuracy is constrained by low signal power, narrow bandwidth and atmospheric delay error. To cope with these problems, in this paper, we propose a novel sub- sidence monitoring technique based on Space-Surface bistatic Differential Interferometry （SS-DI） with GNSS transmitters, where two stations consist of a reference one and a measurement one that are deployed on the ground. First, we applied a space differential processing between two stations to cancel identical errors such as tropospheric and ionospheric errors etc. Then we used a long time coherent integration to improve the signal noise ratio. Subsequently, we also utilized a time differential processing to construct double differential equations with respect to unknown deformation variables. Finally, we solved the equations to obtain a highly accurate estimation of three dimension deformation. Furthermore, an SS-DI experiment using Beidou-2 as transmitters was carried out to validate the proposed method, where a high accuracy （0.01 mm） device was utilized to simulate subsidence deformation. The experimental results reveal that the proposed method has better performance of spatial measurement accuracy of 0.53 mm compared with differential GPS method.

关 键 词：differential interferometry subsidence monitoring Beidou-2/Compass-2 space-surface bistatic radar differential GPS 

分 类 号：TN96.1[电子电信—信号与信息处理]